1. Ixabiso elongezelelweyo loshishino lweshishini lezixhobo zaseTshayina liyaqhubeka nokukhula
I-Instrumentation sisixhobo okanye isixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa, ukulinganisa, ukujonga, nokubala ubuninzi obuhlukeneyo bomzimba, amacandelo ezinto eziphathekayo, iiparamitha eziphathekayo, njl ikakhulu zibandakanya izixhobo zamehlo, izixhobo zombane kunye neemitha, izixhobo zenkqubo yolawulo oluzenzekelayo kwimizi-mveliso, izixhobo zothutho kunye nezixhobo zokubala imveliso, njl.
Ukuhlelwa koshishino lwezixhobo
Ngokwedatha evela kwi-National Bureau of Statistics, ukusuka ngo-2012 ukuya ku-2020, ixabiso elongezelelweyo kwimizi-mveliso yelizwe lam lokuvelisa izixhobo libonise umkhwa wokunyuka unyaka nonyaka.Ngo-2019, izinga lokukhula kwexabiso elongezelelweyo kwimizi-mveliso lifikelele kwi-10.5%.Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Agasti ka-2020, emva kokuba ubhubhani ulawulwe ngokufanelekileyo, ishishini liye labuyela ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye izinga lokukhula kwexabiso elongezelelweyo kwimizi-mveliso libuyele kwinqanaba le-1.5%.
Utshintsho kwisantya sokukhula sonyaka nonyaka sexabiso elongeziweyo kwimizi-mveliso kwishishini lemveliso yezixhobo zaseTshayina ukusuka ngowama-2012 ukuya kwiinyanga ezisibhozo zokuqala zika-2020.
2. Ikakhulu isekelwe kwizixhobo zolawulo lwamashishini
Ngokwembono yotshintsho kwingeniso yokusebenza yamashishini ngaphezulu kwesikali sezixhobo, ukusuka ngo-2016 ukuya kowama-2018, ingeniso yokusebenza kolu shishino yehla unyaka nonyaka, yaphinda yaphindaphindeka ngo-2019, yafikelela kwi-724.3 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukwanda kwe-5.5% ngo-2018 Ukusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Okthobha ka-2020, ingeniso yokusebenza kolu shishino ifikelele kwi-577.1 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, inyuke nge-2.7% kwangelo xesha linye ngo-2019.
Izibalo kunye nokukhula kwengeniso yokusebenza yamashishini ezixhobo zaseTshayina ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo kwiinyanga ezili-10 zokuqala ze-2016-2020.
Ngokombono wamacandelo emarike, ngo-2019, isixhobo senkqubo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo sinesona sabelo siphezulu semakethi kushishino lokuvelisa izixhobo, ngesabelo semarike esimalunga ne-34.68%;ilandelwa zizixhobo ze-optical kunye nezixhobo zombane, kunye nesabelo sayo semarike yayiyi-11.50% kunye ne-9.64%, ngokulandelanayo.
Iinkcukacha-manani zesabelo semakethi yomzi-mveliso wezixhobo zaseTshayina ngowama-2019.
3. Ukusebenza kwexabiso kuzinzile
Ngokutsho kokubhengezwa kwe-China Hardware kunye ne-Electromechanical Index, ukususela ngoSeptemba 30, 2016 ukuya kwi-2020, ixabiso le-instrumentation kwilizwe lam lalizinzile, kwaye ixabiso layo lexabiso litshintshile phakathi kwe-108-112.NgoSeptemba 30, 2020, isalathisi sexabiso lesixhobo selizwe lam sasiyi-109.91.
Ngophando oluthe kratya kunye nocazululo lweli shishini, nceda ujonge “kwiNgxelo yoHlalutyo lweSicwangciso soBuchule bokuCwangcisa iSicwangciso sokuSebenza sangaphambili kunye noShishino oluKhethekileyo lwaseTshayina” yiQianzhan Industry Research Institute.Kwangaxeshanye, iQianzhan Industry Research Institute ikwabonelela ngedatha enkulu yemizi-mveliso, ucwangciso lwamashishini, isibhengezo soshishino, ucwangciso lwepaki yemizi-mveliso, ukunyuswa koTyalo-mali kunye nezinye izisombululo.
Imfuno yemarike yezixhobo zombane ikhula, kwaye ukuphuhliswa kweemveliso eziphezulu ziphambili.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ndixhamla kwimigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo efana nophuhliso loshishino lwamandla elizwe lam, inguqu yegridi yamandla ezidolophini nasemaphandleni kunye nolwakhiwo lwegridi enobuchule, izixhobo zombane ziye zaba lelinye lawona macandelwana akhula ngokukhawuleza kushishino lwezixhobo zelizwe lam.
Iimveliso zezixhobo zombane ziquka iimitha zamandla ombane, izixhobo zedijithali, izixhobo zokurekhoda, izixhobo ze-AC kunye ne-DC, izixhobo zokulinganisa imagnethi, ii-transmitters zamandla, izixhobo zokujonga amandla kunye neenkqubo, izixhobo zokulinganisa, izixhobo zombane, ulawulo lwemitha yombane kunye neenkqubo zokulawula umthwalo wamandla, non- Izixhobo zokulinganisa umbane kunye neenkqubo, njl.
Umda wenkonzo yezixhobo zombane ubandakanya iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nolwakhiwo lokhuselo lwesizwe.Umda wesicelo ubandakanya amandla ombane, isinyithi, ukuthutha, imigodi, i-petrochemical, oomatshini bokukhanya obukhanyayo kunye namanye amashishini, kunye nemfundo, iimvavanyo zesayensi, ubunjineli bezempi, unyango kunye nempilo, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, umlinganiselo oqhelekileyo kunye nezinye iinkalo.Licandelo elibaluleke kakhulu kushishino lwezixhobo.
Imarike esezantsi ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imfuno yemarike yezixhobo zombane "iyanyuka".
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, njengoko imfuno yelizwe yamandla amatsha acocekileyo afana namandla enyukliya, amandla ombane, amandla elanga, namandla omoya isaqhubeka isanda, uphuhliso lwamandla amatsha kunye namashishini amatsha lwazise amathuba ophuhliso lwezixhobo zombane.Ukuthatha isikhululo sombane we-solar photovoltaic njengomzekelo, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemitha ezifana ne-DC multi-function metres kunye ne-harmonic metres ziyafuneka.
Ngokwedatha yeZiko loPhando loShishino olulindelekileyo, umthamo wonyaka ofakiweyo we-photovoltaics kwilizwe lam uya kufikelela kwi-5,000MW ngo-2020, kwaye umthamo ofakiweyo odibeneyo uya kuba ngama-28,500MW.Imfuno yonyaka yezixhobo zombane ezikhethekileyo iya kufikelela kwiiyunithi ze-840,000, kwaye umthamo wemarike okhulayo uya kufikelela kwi-34.26 yezigidi zeeyunithi.Ifakwe kukukhula okugqabhukileyo.
Ukuqhutyelwa kuphuhliso lweemarike ezisezantsi, imfuno yezixhobo zombane kunye neemitha ziyaqhubeka zikhula, kwaye ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zombane kunye neemitha ziyaqhubeka zikhula.Idatha ibonisa ukuba ngo-2019, imveliso yesizwe yezixhobo zombane kunye neemitha ifikelele kwi-287.53 yezigidi zeeyunithi, ukwanda kwe-30.03% ngo-2018.
Umthamo wemveliso kunye nobuchwepheshe beemveliso eziphantsi kunye neziphakathi ziphuculwe zombini, kwaye iimveliso eziphezulu azanelanga.
Emva kwamashumi eminyaka yophuhliso, ishishini lezixhobo zombane zelizwe lam liye labumba iqela lemizi-mveliso yehlabathi, enezinga eliphezulu lokuthengisa, inani elikhulu leenkampani kushishino, kunye nenani elikhulu leemveliso zobugcisa obuphezulu ezinemigangatho ephezulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. indawo yokuqala.Iimveliso ngokubanzi zihlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.Kwangaxeshanye, ukuhlangana kwamashishini kuye kwaphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo, isikali siye sandiswa ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye ukhuphiswano olungundoqo luye lwandiswa ngokuqhubekayo, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwemveliso kumazwe angaphandle kuye kwasasazwa kumazwe amaninzi.
Ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso ephantsi, amandla okuvelisa kunye nobugcisa bemveliso yezixhobo zombane kwilizwe lam sele ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ukuphuhliswa kweemveliso eziphezulu akwanelanga, kwaye kusekho umsantsa othile kunye nenqanaba lobugcisa. yeemveliso kumazwe ahambele phambili, nto leyo ethetha ukuba izixhobo zombane zelizwe lam Kukho amandla amakhulu ophuhliso lwemarike kushishino lwezixhobo.
Ngotshintsho kwipatheni yoshishino lwezixhobo zombane zehlabathi, ilizwe lam, njengomvelisi omkhulu wezixhobo zombane kwihlabathi, liye landisa imveliso yalo yokuthumela ngaphandle unyaka nonyaka, kwaye iindawo zayo zokuthumela ngaphandle ziye zaqhubeka zanda.Kungakhathaliseki ukuba iteknoloji, umgangatho okanye amandla okuvelisa, inokuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kukhuphiswano kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe.
Kodwa xa lilonke, kusekho umsantsa othile phakathi kwesixhobo sombane selizwe lam kunye nenqanaba letekhnoloji ephambili yehlabathi.Kuphela ngokubonelela ngenkxaso eqinile ngokwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye neemali, usebenzisa itekhnoloji entsha njengeqonga, kunye nokwakha ishishini lezixhobo zombane zaseTshayina elinenqanaba eliphezulu lokuqala kunye nemigangatho ephezulu, singakwazi ukucutha umsantsa kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lehlabathi kwaye sithathe inxaxheba. kukhuphiswano lwemarike yehlabathi jikelele.
Intetho ye-9 yesigaba sesithathu se-"IMAC Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Classroom", igxininise ekuphuhliseni izinto ezintsha kunye nokuphononongwa kwendlela yokwenza izinto ezikrelekrele kwishishini lezixhobo.
Ngomhla we-13 kuDisemba, ngo-2020, intetho yesithoba yesigaba sesithathu se- “IMAC Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Classroom” eququzelelwe nguMbutho woBuchule bokuVelisa we-China Association for Science and Technology (IMAC) yasasazwa ngokudlamkileyo.Kule ntetho, uMnu. Zhang Haodong, umyili oyintloko we-Chongqing Chuanyi Automation Co., Ltd. injineli eyintloko ye-Chuanyi Software Co., Ltd. kunye nomyili wezisombululo zenkqubo ye-intanethi ye-intanethi, wazisa umxholo othi "I-Industry "Intelligence" UkuXhobisa iDijithali yeDijithali-Ukwenziwa ngobuNgcali Intetho engummangaliso kwiNdlela yokuQala ngokuSebenzayo kunye noPhononongo.Esi sifundo siye safumana ingqalelo enomdla nenzulu evela kubaphulaphuli, enabantu abangaphezu kwama-3,800 ababukeleyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-21-2022