Intshayelelo yeammeter

Isishwankathelo

I-ammeter sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa okwangoku kwiisekethe ze-AC kunye ne-DC.Kumzobo wesiphaluka, isimboli se-ammeter "isangqa A".Amaxabiso angoku akwi-“amps” okanye “A” njengeeyunithi eziqhelekileyo.

I-ammeter yenziwe ngokuhambelana nesenzo somqhubi ophetheyo ngoku kwintsimi yamagnetic ngamandla ombane.Kukho umazibuthe osisigxina ngaphakathi kwi-ammeter, eyenza imagnethi phakathi kweepali.Kukho ikhoyili kwintsimi yamagnetic.Kukho umthombo weenwele ekupheleni kwekhoyili.Intwasahlobo nganye ixhunyiwe kwi-terminal ye-ammeter.I-shaft ejikelezayo idibaniswe phakathi kwentwasahlobo kunye nekhoyili.Ngaphambili kwe-ammeter, kukho isalathisi.Xa kukho i-current edlulayo, i-current idlula kwi-magnetic field kunye ne-shaft ejikelezayo kunye ne-shaft ejikelezayo, kwaye yangoku inqumla umgca we-magnetic field, ngoko ke ikhoyili ijikisiwe ngamandla ombane ojikelezayo, oqhuba i-shaft ejikelezayo. kunye nesalathisi sokuphambuka.Ekubeni ubukhulu bamandla ombane wamagnetic bukhuphuka ngokunyuka kwangoku, ubukhulu bangoku bunokubonwa ngokuphambuka kwesalathisi.Oku kubizwa ngokuba yimagnetoelectric ammeter, luhlobo esiqhele ukulusebenzisa elabhoratri.Kwithuba lesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo samabanga aphakamileyo, uluhlu lweammeter esetyenziswayo ngokubanzi ngu-0~0.6A no-0~3A.

umgaqo wokusebenza

I-ammeter yenziwe ngokuhambelana nesenzo somqhubi ophetheyo ngoku kwintsimi yamagnetic ngamandla ombane.Kukho umazibuthe osisigxina ngaphakathi kwi-ammeter, eyenza imagnethi phakathi kweepali.Kukho ikhoyili kwintsimi yamagnetic.Kukho umthombo weenwele ekupheleni kwekhoyili.Intwasahlobo nganye ixhunyiwe kwi-terminal ye-ammeter.I-shaft ejikelezayo idibaniswe phakathi kwentwasahlobo kunye nekhoyili.Ngaphambili kwe-ammeter, kukho isalathisi.Ukuphambuka kwesalathisi.Ekubeni ubukhulu bamandla ombane wamagnetic bukhuphuka ngokunyuka kwangoku, ubukhulu bangoku bunokubonwa ngokuphambuka kwesalathisi.Oku kubizwa ngokuba yimagnetoelectric ammeter, luhlobo esiqhele ukulusebenzisa elabhoratri.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, imisinga yomyalelo we-microamps okanye i-milliamps inokulinganiswa ngokuthe ngqo.Ukuze ulinganise imisinga emikhulu, i-ammeter kufuneka ibe ne-resistor ehambelanayo (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-shunt).Indlela yokulinganisa yemitha yemagnetoelectric isetyenziswa ikakhulu.Xa ixabiso lokuchasana le-shunt likwenza ukudlula okugcweleyo kwangoku, i-ammeter ihlanjululwe ngokupheleleyo, oko kukuthi, isalathisi se-ammeter sifikelela phezulu.Kwimisinga yee-amps ezimbalwa, i-shunts ekhethekileyo inokumiselwa kwi-ammeter.Kwimisinga engaphezulu kwee-amps ezininzi, kusetyenziswa i-shunt yangaphandle.Ixabiso lokumelana ne-shunt ephezulu yangoku lincinci kakhulu.Ukuze ugweme iimpazamo ezibangelwa ukongezwa kokuchasana kwesikhokelo kunye nokuxhatshazwa koqhagamshelwano kwi-shunt, i-shunt kufuneka yenziwe ibe yifom ye-terminal emine, oko kukuthi, kukho ii-terminals ezimbini zangoku kunye ne-terminal terminals ezimbini.Ngokomzekelo, xa i-shunt yangaphandle kunye ne-millivoltmeter isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-current enkulu ye-200A, ukuba uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwe-millivoltmeter esetyenzisiweyo yi-45mV (okanye i-75mV), ngoko ixabiso lokumelana ne-shunt yi-0.045 / 200 = 0.000225Ω (okanye 0.075/200=0.000375Ω).Ukuba i-ring (okanye inyathelo) i-shunt isetyenziswe, i-ammeter yoluhlu oluninzi lunokwenziwa.

Aisicelo

Ii-ammeters zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amaxabiso angoku kwiisekethe ze-AC kunye ne-DC.

1. I-ammeter yohlobo lwekhoyili ejikelezayo: ixhotyiswe nge-shunt yokunciphisa uvakalelo, ingasetyenziselwa kuphela i-DC, kodwa i-rectifier ingasetyenziselwa i-AC.

2. I-ammeter ye-iron ejikelezayo ye-iron: Xa i-current elinganisiweyo ihamba nge-coil engatshintshiyo, i-magnetic field yenziwa, kwaye i-sheet yentsimbi ethambileyo ijikeleza kwintsimi yamagnetic eyenziwe, enokusetyenziswa ukuvavanya i-AC okanye i-DC, ehlala ixesha elide, kodwa ayilunganga njenge ammeters zekhoyili ezijikelezayo.

3. I-ammeter ye-Thermocouple: Ingasetyenziselwa i-AC okanye i-DC, kwaye kukho i-resistor kuyo.Xa umbane wangoku, ukushisa kwe-resistor kuphakama, i-resistor idibene ne-thermocouple, kwaye i-thermocouple idibaniswe nemitha, ngaloo ndlela yenza uhlobo lwe-thermocouple i-Ammeter, le mitha engathanga ngqo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-high frequency alternating current.

4. I-ammeter yocingo olushushu: Xa isetyenziswa, qinisa zombini iziphelo zocingo, ucingo lufudunyezwe, kwaye ukwandiswa kwalo kwenza isalathisi sijikeleze kwisikali.

Ukuhlelwa

Ngokobume bomlinganiso wangoku: i-ammeter ye-DC, i-ammeter ye-AC, i-AC kunye ne-DC ye-double-purpose meter;

Ngokomgaqo wokusebenza: i-ammeter ye-magnetoelectric, i-electromagnetic ammeter, i-ammeter yombane;

Ngokoluhlu lokulinganisa: milliampere, microampere, ammeter.

Isikhokelo sokhetho

Indlela yokulinganisa i-ammeter kunye ne-voltmeter ngokusisiseko iyafana, kodwa uxhulumaniso kwisekethe yokulinganisa luhlukile.Ngoko ke, la manqaku alandelayo kufuneka aqatshelwe xa ukhetha kwaye usebenzisa i-ammeters kunye ne-voltmeters.

⒈ Uhlobo lokukhetha.Xa umlinganiselo uyi-DC, kufuneka kukhethwe imitha ye-DC, oko kukuthi, imitha yesixhobo sokulinganisa i-magnetoelectric system.Xa i-AC elinganisiweyo, kufuneka inikele ingqalelo kwi-waveform yayo kunye nokuphindaphinda.Ukuba i-sine wave, inokuguqulwa kwamanye amaxabiso (afana nexabiso eliphezulu, ixabiso eliphakathi, njl.) kuphela ngokulinganisa ixabiso elisebenzayo, kwaye naluphi na uhlobo lwemitha ye-AC lunokusetyenziswa;ukuba i-non-sine wave, kufuneka yahlule oko kufuneka kulinganiswe Ngexabiso le-rms, isixhobo se-magnetic system okanye inkqubo yombane ye-ferromagnetic inokukhethwa, kunye nexabiso eliphakathi kwesixhobo sohlaziyo sinokukhethwa. ikhethiwe.Isixhobo sokulinganisa inkqubo yombane sisoloko sisetyenziselwa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wokutshintshana kwangoku kunye nombane.

⒉ Ukhetho lokuchaneka.Ukuphakama kokuchaneka kwesixhobo, ixabiso libiza kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukugcinwa.Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ezinye iimeko azihambelani ngokufanelekileyo, isixhobo esinenqanaba eliphezulu lokuchaneka asinakukwazi ukufumana iziphumo zokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo.Ngoko ke, kwimeko yokukhetha isixhobo esisezantsi sokuchaneka ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokulinganisa, ungakhethi isixhobo sokuchaneka okuphezulu.Ngokuqhelekileyo i-0.1 kunye ne-0.2 yeemitha zisetyenziswa njengemitha eqhelekileyo;I-0.5 kunye ne-1.0 yeemitha zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa kwebhubhoratri;izixhobo ezingaphantsi kwe-1.5 zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumlinganiselo wobunjineli.

⒊ Ukukhetha uluhlu.Ukuze unike umdlalo opheleleyo kwindima yokuchaneka kwesixhobo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo umda wesixhobo ngokobungakanani bexabiso elilinganisiweyo.Ukuba ukhetho alufanelekanga, impazamo yokulinganisa iya kuba nkulu kakhulu.Ngokuqhelekileyo, isalathiso sesixhobo esiza kulinganiswa sikhulu kune-1/2 ~ 2/3 yoluhlu oluphezulu lwesixhobo, kodwa alukwazi ukudlula uluhlu oluphezulu.

⒋ Ukhetho lochaso lwangaphakathi.Xa ukhetha imitha, ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwemitha kufuneka kwakhona kukhethwe ngokuhambelana nobukhulu be-impedance elinganisiweyo, ngaphandle koko kuya kuzisa impazamo enkulu yokulinganisa.Ngenxa yokuba ubungakanani bokuchasana kwangaphakathi bubonisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla omitha ngokwawo, xa ukulinganisa okwangoku, i-ammeter ene-insurance encinci yangaphakathi kufuneka isetyenziswe;xa ulinganisa i-voltage, i-voltmeter enokumelana okukhulu kwangaphakathi kufuneka isetyenziswe.

Mulungiso

1. Landela ngokungqongqo iimfuno zemanyuwali, kwaye uyigcine kwaye uyisebenzise ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo lobushushu, ukufuma, uthuli, ukungcangcazela, indawo ye-electromagnetic kunye nezinye iimeko.

2. Isixhobo esigcinwe ixesha elide kufuneka sihlolwe rhoqo kwaye umswakama kufuneka ususwe.

3. Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo ixesha elide kufuneka zibe phantsi kokuhlolwa okuyimfuneko kunye nokulungiswa ngokweemfuno zokulinganisa umbane.

4. Musa ukudibanisa kunye nokucima isixhobo ngokuthanda, ngaphandle koko uvakalelo kunye nokuchaneka kwayo kuya kuchaphazeleka.

5. Kwizixhobo ezineebhetri ezifakwe kwimitha, qwa lasela ukujonga ukukhutshwa kwebhetri, kwaye ubeke endaweni yazo ngexesha lokuphepha ukugqithiswa kwebhetri ye-electrolyte kunye ne-corrosion yamacandelo.Kwimitha engasetyenziswanga ixesha elide, ibhetri kwimitha kufuneka isuswe.

Imibandela efuna ingqalelo

1. Jonga imixholo phambi kokuba iammeter isetyenziswe

a.Qinisekisa ukuba isignali yangoku idibene kakuhle kwaye akukho mcimbi wesiphaluka ovulekileyo;

b.Qinisekisa ukulandelelana kwesigaba sesignali yangoku ichanekile;

c.Qinisekisa ukuba umbane uhlangabezana neemfuno kwaye uqhagamshelwe ngokuchanekileyo;

d.Qinisekisa ukuba umgca wonxibelelwano uqhagamshelwe ngokuchanekileyo;

2. Izilumkiso zokusebenzisa iammeter

a.Landela ngokungqongqo iinkqubo zokusebenza kunye neemfuno zale ncwadana, kwaye unqande nawuphi na umsebenzi kumgca wesignali.

b.Xa useta (okanye ulungisa) i-ammeter, qiniseka ukuba isethi yedatha ichanekile, ukuze ugweme ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga kwe-ammeter okanye idatha yovavanyo olungalunganga.

c.Xa ufunda idatha ye-ammeter, kufuneka iqhutywe ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana neenkqubo zokusebenza kunye nale ncwadana ukuphepha iimpazamo.

3. Ukulandelelana kokususwa kwe-ammeter

a.Nqamula amandla e-ammeter;

b.Mfutshane umgca wesignali yangoku kuqala, uze uwususe;

c.Susa intambo yamandla kunye nomgca wonxibelelwano we-ammeter;

d.Susa izixhobo kwaye uzigcine ngokufanelekileyo.

Tukulungisa ingxaki

1. Impazamo eyenzekayo

I-Phenomenon a: Uxhulumaniso lwesekethe luchanekile, vala isitshixo sombane, hambisa iqhekeza le-rheostat yesilayidi ukusuka kwixabiso eliphezulu lokumelana nexabiso elincinci lokuchasana, inani langoku elibonisayo alitshintshi ngokuqhubekayo, kuphela i-zero (inaliti ayishukumi). ) okanye ushukuma kancinane isiqwenga esityibilikayo ukubonisa ixabiso elipheleleyo le-offset (inaliti ijikela entloko ngokukhawuleza).

I-Phenomenon b: Uxhulumaniso lwesiphaluka luchanekile, vala isitshixo sombane, isalathisi se-ammeter sitshintsha kakhulu phakathi kwe-zero kunye nexabiso elipheleleyo le-offset.

2. Uhlalutyo

I-bias epheleleyo yangoku yentloko ye-ammeter ikwinqanaba le-microampere, kwaye uluhlu luyandiswa ngokudibanisa i-shunt resistor ngokufana.Ubuncinane bangoku kwisekethe yovavanyo ngokubanzi yi-milliampere, ke ukuba akukho xhathiso lunjalo lwe-shunt, isalathisi semitha siyakubetha icala elipheleleyo.

Iziphelo ezibini ze-shunt resistor zibotshelelwe kunye zimbini ze-solder lugs kunye neziphelo ezimbini zentloko yemitha ngamantongomane okubopha angaphezulu nasezantsi kwitheminali kunye neposti yetheminali.Amantongomane okuqinisa kulula ukukhulula, okubangelwa ukuhlukana kwe-shunt resistor kunye nentloko yemitha (Kukho into engaphumeleliyo a) okanye ukudibanisa kakubi (into engaphumeleliyo b).

Isizathu sokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwenani lentloko yemitha kukuba xa isiphaluka sivuliwe, isiqwenga se-sliding se-varistor sibekwe kwindawo enexabiso elikhulu lokuchasa, kwaye iqhekeza lokutyibilika lihlala lifuduselwa kwi-porcelain yokukhusela. ityhubhu, ebangela ukuba isekethe yaphulwe, ngoko ke inombolo yesalathiso yangoku: zero.Emva koko hambisa isilayidi sokutyibilika kancinane, kwaye idibana nocingo lokumelana, kwaye isekethe ivuliwe ngokwenene, ibangela ukuba inani elibonisayo langoku litshintshe ngokukhawuleza kwi-bias epheleleyo.

Indlela yokuphelisa kukuqinisa i-nut yokuqinisa okanye ukuqhawula isigqubuthelo sangasemva semitha, udibanise iziphelo ezimbini ze-shunt resistor kunye neziphelo ezimbini zentloko yemitha, kwaye udibanise kwii-lugs ze-welding ezimbini.