1. Imigaqo ngokubanzi yokukhetha isixhobo esizenzekelayo
Imigaqo ngokubanzi yokukhethwa kwezixhobo zokuvavanya (amacandelo) kunye neevalvu zokulawula zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Iimeko zenkqubo
Ubushushu, uxinzelelo, izinga lokuhamba, i-viscosity, i-corrosiveness, i-toxicity, i-pulsation kunye nezinye izinto zenkqubo yimiqathango ephambili yokumisela ukukhethwa kwesixhobo, ezihambelana nengqiqo yokukhethwa kwesixhobo, ubomi benkonzo yesixhobo. kunye nomlilo, ukuthintela ukuqhuma kunye nokhuseleko lweworkshop.umbuzo.
2. Ukubaluleka kokuSebenza
Ukubaluleka kweeparitha zokubona indawo nganye ekusebenzeni kusisiseko sokukhethwa kwesalathisi sesixhobo, ukurekhoda, ukuqokelela, i-alamu, ukulawula, ukulawula kude kunye neminye imisebenzi.Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinto eziguquguqukayo ezinempembelelo encinci kwinkqubo kodwa kufuneka zibekwe esweni rhoqo zinokukhetha uhlobo lwesalathisi;kwiinguqu ezibalulekileyo ezifuna ukwazi ukutshintsha rhoqo, uhlobo lwerekhodi kufuneka lukhethwe;kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ezinempembelelo enkulu kwinkqubo kufuneka zibe Ziguquguqukayo ezibekwe esweni nangaliphi na ixesha kufuneka zilawulwe;kwizinto eziguquguqukayo ezinxulumene nokulinganisela kwezinto kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okudinga umlinganiselo okanye ukubalwa kwezoqoqosho, ukuqokelela kufuneka kumiselwe;ezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ezinokuchaphazela imveliso okanye ukhuseleko kufuneka zisetelwe kwi-alamu.
3. Uqoqosho kunye nokufana
Ukukhethwa kwesixhobo kwakhona kuchongwa ngumlinganiselo wotyalo-mali.Kwisiseko sokuhlangabezana neemfuno zobuchwepheshe kunye nolawulo oluzenzekelayo, ukubalwa kwezoqoqosho okuyimfuneko kufuneka kuqhutywe ukuze kufumaneke umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wokusebenza / wexabiso.
Ukuze kube lula ukugcinwa kunye nokulawulwa kwesixhobo, ubunye besixhobo kufuneka kwakhona kuqwalaselwe ingqalelo xa ukhetha imodeli.Zama ukukhetha iimveliso zoluhlu olufanayo, ukucaciswa okufanayo kunye nemodeli kunye nomenzi ofanayo.
4. Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokunikezelwa kwezixhobo
Isixhobo esikhethiweyo kufuneka sibe yimveliso ekhulileyo, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kubonakaliswe ngokuthembekileyo ngokusetyenziswa kwendawo;ngexesha elifanayo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isixhobo esikhethiweyo kufuneka sibe nesibonelelo esaneleyo kwaye asiyi kuchaphazela ukwakhiwa kweprojekthi.
Okwesibini, ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokushisa
<1> Imigaqo ngokubanzi
1. Iyunithi kunye nesikali (isikali)
Isikali (isikali) sesixhobo sobushushu sidityaniswe ngoCelsius (°C).
2. Khangela (ukulinganisa) ubude bokufakwa kwecandelo
Ukukhethwa kobude bokufaka kufuneka kusekelwe kumgaqo wokuba into yokufumanisa (umlinganiselo) ifakwe kwindawo emele apho ubushushu bomgangatho ophakathi bunovakalelo ekutshintsheni.Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukuguquguquka, ubude bezixhobo zokuqala ukuya kweyesibini zihlala zikhethwa ngokufanayo kwisixhobo sonke.
Xa ufaka kwi-flue, isithando somlilo kunye nezixhobo ze-masonry kunye nezixhobo zokugquma i-thermal, kufuneka zikhethwe ngokweemfuno zangempela.
Izinto eziphathekayo zokukhusela ukukhangela (ukubona) into akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kwezinto zesixhobo okanye umbhobho.Ukuba i-sleeve ekhuselayo yemveliso emisekileyo incinci kakhulu okanye ayinqandeki kwi-corrosion (njenge-thermocouples ye-armored), umkhono owongezelelweyo wokukhusela kufuneka wongezwe.
Izixhobo zobushushu, ukutshintshwa kobushushu, ukufunyaniswa kobushushu (umlinganiselo) amacandelo kunye nezidluliseli ezifakelwe kwiindawo ezinokutsha neziqhumayo ezinonxibelelwano oluphilayo kufuneka zikhuseleke ukudubula.
<2> Ukukhethwa kwesixhobo sokushisa kwendawo
1. Iklasi yokuchaneka
Ithemometha yoshishino ngokubanzi: khetha iklasi 1.5 okanye iklasi 1.
Umlinganiselo ochanekileyo kunye neethermometers zaselabhoratri: Iklasi ye-0.5 okanye i-0.25 kufuneka ikhethwe.
2. Uluhlu lokulinganisa
Ixabiso eliphezulu elilinganisiweyo alikho ngaphezu kwe-90% yomda ophezulu wokulinganisa isixhobo, kwaye ixabiso eliqhelekileyo elilinganisiweyo li malunga ne-1/2 yomda ophezulu woluhlu lokulinganisa isixhobo.
Ixabiso elilinganisiweyo le-thermometer yoxinzelelo kufuneka libe phakathi kwe-1/2 kunye ne-3/4 yomda ophezulu woluhlu lokulinganisa isixhobo.
3. Ithemomitha yeBimetal
Xa uhlangabezana neemfuno zoluhlu lokulinganisa, uxinzelelo lokusebenza kunye nokuchaneka, kufuneka kukhethwe.
Ubukhulu becala ngokubanzi φ100mm.Kwiindawo ezineemeko zokukhanya ezimbi, izikhundla eziphezulu kunye nemigama emide yokujonga, φ150mm kufuneka ikhethwe.
Indlela yokudibanisa phakathi kwegobolondo yesixhobo kunye netyhubhu yokukhusela kufuneka ngokubanzi ibe luhlobo lwendalo yonke, okanye uhlobo lwe-axial okanye uhlobo lwe-radial lunokukhethwa ngokomgaqo wokuqwalasela ngokufanelekileyo.
4. Ithermometer yoxinzelelo
Ilungele umboniso wephaneli kwindawo okanye kwisiza kunye nobushushu obuphantsi obungaphantsi kwe -80 ℃, ayikwazi ukujonga ngokusondeleyo, kunye ne-vibration kunye neemfuno ezisezantsi zokuchaneka.
5. I-thermometer yeglasi
Isetyenziselwa kuphela iziganeko ezikhethekileyo ngokuchaneka komlinganiselo ophezulu, ukungcangcazela okuncinci, akukho monakalo womatshini kunye nokuqwalaselwa okufanelekileyo.Nangona kunjalo, i-mercury-in-glass thermometers akufanele isetyenziswe ngenxa yeengozi zemercury.
6. Isixhobo esisisiseko
Ukufakwa kwisiza okanye kwisiza sokulinganisa kunye nokulawula (uhlengahlengiso) izixhobo, izixhobo zokushisa ezisezantsi kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
7. Ukutshintsha kobushushu
Ifanelekile kwizihlandlo apho ukukhutshwa kwesignali yoqhagamshelwano kuyadingeka kumlinganiselo weqondo lokushisa.
<3> Ukukhethwa kwesixhobo sokushisa esiphakathi
1. Khangela (umlinganiselo) amacandelo
(1) Ngokoluhlu lokulinganisa ubushushu, khetha i-thermocouple, i-thermal resistance okanye i-thermistor enenombolo yokuphumelela ehambelanayo.
(2) I-Thermocouples ifanelekile kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo.Ukuchasana kwe-Thermal kulungele ukusetyenziswa kwe-vibration-free.I-Thermitors ifanelekile kwizihlandlo ezifuna impendulo yomlinganiselo okhawulezayo.
(3) Ngokweemfuno zento yokulinganisa kwisantya sokuphendula, ukufumanisa (umlinganiselo) izinto zala maxesha alandelayo anokukhethwa:
Thermocouple: 600s, 100s kunye 20s amanqanaba amathathu;
Ukumelana nobushushu: 90～180s, 30～90s, 10～30s kunye <10s ibanga lesine;
Thermistor: <1s.
(4) Ngokwemeko yokusingqongileyo yokusetyenziswa, khetha ibhokisi yesiphambuka ngokwale migaqo ilandelayo:
Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo: iindawo ezineemeko ezingcono;
Ubungqina bokuchaphaza, ukungangeni kwamanzi: iindawo ezimanzi okanye ezivulekileyo;
Ubungqina bokuqhuma: iindawo ezinokutsha kunye neziqhushumbisi;
Uhlobo lwesokethi: ngezihlandlo ezikhethekileyo kuphela.
(5) Ngokubanzi, indlela yoqhagamshelo lwentambo ingasetyenziswa, kwaye indlela yoqhagamshelo lweflange kufuneka isetyenziswe kwezi zihlandlo zilandelayo:
Ufakelo kwizixhobo, imibhobho enemigca kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi engeyiyo intsimbi;
Crystallization, scarring, clogging kunye nemithombo yeendaba eyonakalisa kakhulu:
Imidiya evuthayo, eqhumayo kunye netyhefu kakhulu.
(6) I-Thermocouples kunye nokuchasana kwe-thermal kusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo:
Kwimeko yokunciphisa igesi, igesi ye-inert kunye ne-vacuum apho iqondo lokushisa liphezulu kune-870 ℃ kwaye umxholo we-hydrogen ungaphezulu kwe-5%, i-tungsten-rhenium thermocouple okanye i-thermocouple yokuvuthela ikhethiwe;
Ubushushu bomphezulu besixhobo, udonga lwangaphandle lombhobho kunye nomzimba ojikelezayo, khetha umphezulu okanye i-armocouple exhobileyo kunye nokumelana nobushushu;
Kuphakathi oqulethe amasuntswana aqinileyo aqinileyo, i-thermocouple engagugiyo ikhethiwe;
Kwi-casing yokukhusela into efanayo yokufumanisa (umlinganiselo), xa kufuneka umlinganiselo weqondo lokushisa amaninzi, i-multi-point (isebe) i-thermocouples ikhethiwe;
Ukuze ulondoloze izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokukhusela i-tube (ezifana ne-tantalum), ukuphucula isantya sokuphendula okanye ukufuna ukufumanisa (umlinganiselo) inxalenye ukuba igobe kwaye ifakwe, i-thermocouple ye-armored ingakhethwa.
2. Umdluliseli
Abathumeli bakhethelwe umlinganiselo okanye inkqubo yokulawula ehambelana nesixhobo sokubonisa umqondiso oqhelekileyo.
Kwimeko yokuhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo, kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe umthumeli odibanisa umlinganiselo kunye nokuhanjiswa.
3. Isixhobo sokubonisa
(1) Isalathisi esiqhelekileyo kufuneka sisetyenziselwe umboniso wenqaku elinye, isalathisi sedijithali kufuneka sisetyenziselwe ukubonisa amanqaku amaninzi, kwaye irekhoda jikelele kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuba idatha yembali kufuneka idityaniswe.
(2) Kwinkqubo ye-alamu yomqondiso, isalathisi okanye irekhoda enesiphumo soqhagamshelwano kufuneka ikhethwe.
(3) Irekhoda ephakathi (efana nerekhoda enamanqaku angama-30) kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukurekhoda kwamanqaku amaninzi.
4. Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo ezincedisayo
(1) Xa amanqaku amaninzi esabelana ngesixhobo esinye sokubonisa, iswitshi enomgangatho othembekileyo kufuneka ikhethwe.
(2) Iithermocouples zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubushushu obungaphantsi kwe-1600°C.Xa utshintsho lobushushu kwisiphambuka ebandayo yenza inkqubo yokulinganisa ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezichanekileyo, kunye nesixhobo sokubonisa esixhasayo asinalo umsebenzi wembuyekezo yembuyekezo yobushushu obuzenzekelayo, ubushushu bomdibaniso obandayo kufuneka kukhethwe umhlawuleli ozenzekelayo.
(3) Ucingo lwembuyekezo
a.Ngokwenani le-thermocouples, inombolo yokuphumelela kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo zokusetyenziswa, ucingo lwembuyekezo okanye intambo yembuyekezo ehlangabezana neemfuno kufuneka ikhethwe.
b.Khetha amanqanaba ahlukeneyo eengcingo zembuyekezo okanye iintambo zembuyekezo ngokobushushu bendawo:
-20～+100℃ khetha ibakala eliqhelekileyo;
-40 ~ +250 ℃ khetha ibakala lokumelana nobushushu.
c.Kwiindawo ezinesifudumezi sombane esingenasiphako okanye umbane onamandla kunye nemagnethi, iingcingo zembuyekezo ezikhuselekileyo okanye iintambo zembuyekezo ezikhuselekileyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
d.Indawo enqamlezileyo yocingo lwembuyekezo kufuneka imiselwe ngokwexabiso lokuchasana lokubuyiswa kobude bayo bokubeka kunye nokuchasana kwangaphandle okuvunyelwe isixhobo sokubonisa esixhasayo, umthumeli okanye ujongano lwekhompyuter.
3. Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zoxinzelelo
<1> Ukukhethwa komlinganiselo woxinzelelo
1. Khetha ngokwemeko-bume yokusetyenziswa kunye nohlobo lomendo wokulinganisa
(1) Kwiimeko ezingqongileyo ezirhabaxa ezinjengomhlwa owomeleleyo womoya, uthuli oluninzi kunye nokutshiza ngokulula kolwelo, udidi oluvaliweyo lwezilinganisi zoxinzelelo lweplastiki kufuneka lusetyenziswe.
(2) Ukuze kuxutywe i-nitric acid, i-acetic acid, i-ammonia kunye nezinye izinto ezidliwayo ngokubanzi, iigeyiji zoxinzelelo oluxhathisa iasidi, iigeji zoxinzelelo lweammonia okanye iigeyiji zoxinzelelo lwentsimbi engenastainless diaphragm kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
(3) Nciphisa i-hydrochloric acid, i-hydrochloric acid gas, i-oyile enzima kunye nemidiya efanayo kunye ne-corrosiveness eqinile, amasuntswana aqinileyo, i-viscous liquid, njl., Kufuneka isebenzise i-diaphragm pressure gauge okanye i-diaphragm pressure gauge.Izinto eziphathekayo ze-diaphragm okanye i-diaphragm kufuneka zikhethwe ngokweempawu zendlela yokulinganisa.
(4) Kwimidiya efana necrystallization, scarring kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu, i-diaphragm pressure gauge kufuneka isetyenziswe.
(5) Kwimeko yokungcangcazela okunamandla, igeyiji yoxinzelelo oluxhathisayo okanye igeyiji yoxinzelelo lwaselwandle kufuneka isetyenziswe.
(6) Kwiziganeko ezinokutsha neziqhumayo, ukuba imiqondiso yokudibana nombane iyafuneka, kufuneka kusetyenziswe igeyiji yombane engagqabhukiyo.
(7) Iigeyiji zoxinzelelo ezikhethekileyo mazisetyenziswe kolu luhlu lulandelayo lokulinganisa:
Igesi ye-ammonia, i-ammonia yolwelo: i-ammonia yokulinganisa uxinzelelo, i-vacuum gauge, i-vacuum gauge yoxinzelelo;
Ioksijini: Igeyiji yoxinzelelo lweoksijini;
I-Hydrogen: Isilinganisi soxinzelelo lwe-Hydrogen;
I-Chlorine: igeyiji yoxinzelelo oluchasene neklorini, igeji yevacuum yoxinzelelo;
I-acetylene: I-acetylene gauge yoxinzelelo;
I-Hydrogen sulfide: igeyiji yoxinzelelo lwesulfure;
I-Lye: igeyiji yoxinzelelo oluxhathisa ialkali, igeyiji yevacuum yoxinzelelo.
2. ukhetho lwenqanaba lokuchaneka
(1) Imilinganiselo yoxinzelelo, i-diaphragm pressure gauges kunye ne-diaphragm pressure gauges esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ngokubanzi kufuneka ibe yi-grade 1.5 okanye i-2.5.
(2) Iigeyiji zoxinzelelo zokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokulinganisa kufuneka zifakwe kwinqanaba le-0.4, 0.25 okanye i-0.16.
3. Ukukhethwa kwemilinganiselo yangaphandle
(1) Igeyiji yoxinzelelo efakwe kumbhobho kunye nezixhobo zinedayamitha ye-φ100mm okanye φ150mm.
(2) I-gauge yoxinzelelo efakwe kwisixhobo sombhobho we-pneumatic kunye nezixhobo zayo ezincedisayo zine-diameter ye-φ60mm.
(3) Kwiigeyiji zoxinzelelo ezifakwe kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okuphantsi, indawo ephezulu kunye nokuqwalaselwa okunzima kwamaxabiso ezibonakaliso, i-dimeter ye-nominal yi-φ200mm okanye φ250mm.
4. Ukukhethwa koluhlu lokulinganisa
(1) Xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo loxinzelelo lokusebenza kufuneka libe yi-2/3 ukuya kwi-1/3 yomda ophezulu wokulinganisa isixhobo.
(2) Xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-pulsating (njengoxinzelelo ekuphumeni kwempompo, i-compressor kunye nefeni), ixabiso eliqhelekileyo loxinzelelo lokusebenza kufuneka libe yi-1/2 ukuya kwi-1/3 yomda ophezulu woluhlu lokulinganisa lwesixhobo. .
(3) Xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye noluphakathi (olukhulu kune-4MPa), ixabiso eliqhelekileyo loxinzelelo lokusebenza akufanele lidlule i-1/2 yomda ophezulu woluhlu lokulinganisa lwesixhobo.
5. Iyunithi kunye nesikali (isikali)
(1) Zonke izixhobo zoxinzelelo ziya kusebenzisa iiyunithi zokulinganisa ngokusemthethweni.Okukuthi: Pa (Pa), kilopascal (kPa) kunye nemegapascal (MPa).
(2) Kwiiprojekthi zokuyila ezinxulumene namazwe angaphandle kunye nezixhobo ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, imigangatho jikelele yamazwe ngamazwe okanye imigangatho yelizwe ehambelana nayo inokwamkelwa.
<2> Ukukhethwa kwe-transmitter kunye nenzwa
(1) Xa uhambisa ngesignali esemgangathweni (4 ~ 20mA), umthumeli kufuneka akhethwe.
(2) Kwiimeko ezinokutsha kunye neziqhushumbisi, ii-pneumatic transmitters okanye ii-explosion-proof-proof transmitters kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
(3) Kwicrystallization, scarring, clogging, viscous and corrosive media, iflange-type transmitters kufuneka isetyenziswe.Izinto eziphathekayo ezihambelana ngqo ne-medium kufuneka zikhethwe ngokweempawu ze-medium.
(4) Ngezihlandlo apho indawo yokusetyenziswa ilungile kwaye ukuchaneka komlinganiselo kunye nokuthembeka akukho phezulu, uhlobo lokumelana, uhlobo lwe-inductance igeji yoxinzelelo olukude okanye iHolo yokuhambisa uxinzelelo ingakhethwa.
(5) Xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo oluncinci (ngaphantsi kwe-500Pa), i-different pressure transmitter inokukhethwa.
<3> Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zofakelo
(1) Xa ulinganisa umphunga wamanzi kunye nemithombo yolwazi ngeqondo lobushushu elingaphezu kwama-60 °C, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ingqiniba ejiyileyo okanye emile okwe-U.
(2) Xa ulinganisa igesi enyibilikisiweyo ngokulula, ukuba indawo yoxinzelelo ingaphezulu kwemitha, kufuneka kusetyenziswe isahluli.
(3) Xa ulinganisa irhasi enothuli, kufuneka kukhethwe umqokeleli wothuli.
(4) Xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-pulsating, izidambisi manzi okanye izithinteli kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
(5) Xa iqondo lobushushu elikwindawo engqongileyo likufutshane okanye lingaphantsi kunendawo yokukhenkceza okanye indawo yokukhenkceza yendawo yokulinganisa, amanyathelo okulandela ubushushu kufuneka athathwe.
(6) Ibhokisi yokukhusela isixhobo (ubushushu) kufuneka ikhethwe kwezi zihlandlo zilandelayo.
Ukutshintsha koxinzelelo kunye nee-transmitter zofakelo lwangaphandle.
Ukutshintsha koxinzelelo kunye nee-transmitter ezifakwe kwiindibano zocweyo ezinokonakala okukhulu kwe-atmospheric, uthuli kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi.
Okwesine, ukukhethwa kweemitha zokuhamba
<1> Imigaqo ngokubanzi
1. Ukukhetha isikali
Umlinganiselo wesixhobo kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno zemodyuli yesikali sesixhobo.Xa ufundo lwesikali lungeyonani elipheleleyo, kulungele ukuguqula ufundo, kwaye lunokukhethwa ngokwenani elipheleleyo.
(1) Uluhlu lwesikali sengcambu
Ukuhamba okuphezulu akudluli kwi-95% yesikali esipheleleyo;
Ukuhamba okuqhelekileyo yi-70% ukuya kwi-85% yesikali esipheleleyo;
Ubuncinci bokuhamba akukho ngaphantsi kwe-30% yesikali esipheleleyo.
(2) Uluhlu lwesikali somgca
Ukuhamba okuphezulu akudluli kwi-90% yesikali esipheleleyo;
Ukuhamba okuqhelekileyo yi-50% ukuya kwi-70% yesikali esipheleleyo;
Ubuncinci bokuhamba akukho ngaphantsi kwe-10% yesikali esipheleleyo.
2. Ukuchaneka kwesixhobo
Isilinganisi-manzi esisetyenziselwa umlinganiselo wamandla siya kuthobela izibonelelo zeMithetho Jikelele yokuXhobisa noLawulo lweZixhobo zoMlinganiselo waMandla woShishino (Uvavanyo).
(1) Ukulinganisa amafutha angenayo naphumayo, ±0.1%;
(2) Umlinganiselo wohlalutyo lobugcisa noqoqosho lwamaqela ocweyo kunye neenkqubo zobuchwepheshe, ±0.5% ukuya kwi-2%;
(3) Kumlinganiselo wamanzi kwimizi-mveliso nakuluntu, ±2.5%;
(4) Ukulinganisa umphunga kubandakanywa umphunga oshushu kunye nomphunga ogcweleyo, ±2.5%;
(5) Kumlinganiselo werhasi yendalo, irhasi nerhasi yasekhaya, ±2.0%;
(6) Umlinganiselo we-oyile esetyenziselwa izixhobo ezingundoqo ezisebenzisa amandla kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo, ±1.5%;
7
3. Iyunithi yokuhamba
Ukuhamba kwevolumu yi-m3 / h, l / h;
Ukuhamba kobunzima nge-kg/h, t/h;
Kwimeko eqhelekileyo, umlinganiselo wokuhamba komthamo werhasi yi-Nm3/h (0°C, 0.1013MPa)
<2> Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokulinganisa ulwelo jikelele, ulwelo kunye nomphunga
1. I-flowmeter yoxinzelelo olwahlukileyo
(1) Isixhobo sokutshiza
①Isixhobo esibambekayo esiqhelekileyo
Ukulinganisa ukugeleza kwamanzi aqhelekileyo, izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokuguqa (iipleyiti eziqhelekileyo ze-orifice, ii-nozzles eziqhelekileyo) kufuneka zisetyenziswe.Ukukhethwa kwesixhobo esiqhelekileyo sokubetha kufuneka kuhambelane nemimiselo ye-GB2624-8l okanye umgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe we-ISO 5167-1980.Ukuba kukho imimiselo emitsha yemigangatho yesizwe, imigaqo emitsha kufuneka iphunyezwe.
②Isixhobo sokungqusha esingekho semgangathweni
Abo bahlangabezana nale miqathango ilandelayo banokukhetha ityhubhu ye-Venturi:
Imilinganiselo echanekileyo kwilahleko yoxinzelelo oluphantsi iyafuneka;
Isiphakathi esilinganisiweyo yigesi ecocekileyo okanye ulwelo;
Ububanzi bangaphakathi bombhobho buluhlu lwe-100-800mm;
Uxinzelelo lolwelo lungaphakathi kwe-1.0MPa.
Ukuba le miqathango ilandelayo ifezekisiwe, ipleyiti ye-orifice ephindwe kabini ingasetyenziswa:
Isiphakathi esilinganisiweyo yigesi ecocekileyo kunye nolwelo;
Inani le-Reynolds likhulu kuno-(lilingana no) 3000 kwaye lingaphantsi kuno (lilingana no)) 300000.
Abo bahlangabezana nale miqathango ilandelayo banokukhetha i-1/4 ye-nozzle ejikelezayo:
Isiphakathi esilinganisiweyo yigesi ecocekileyo kunye nolwelo;
Inani le-Reynolds likhulu kune-200 kwaye lingaphantsi kwe-100,000.
Ukuba le miqathango ilandelayo ifezekisiwe, ipleyiti yomngxuma ejikelezayo inokukhethwa:
Izinto ezimdaka (ezifana nerhasi yesithando somlilo, udaka, njl.njl.) ezinokuvelisa intlenga phambi nasemva kwepleyiti ye-orifice;
Kufuneka ibe nemibhobho ethe tyaba okanye ethambekileyo.
③Ukhetho lwendlela yokuthatha uxinzelelo
Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo into yokuba yonke iprojekthi kufuneka yamkele indlela yokuthatha uxinzelelo olumanyeneyo kangangoko.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela yokudibanisa ikona okanye uxinzelelo lwe-flange luyamkelwa.
Ngokwemiqathango yokusetyenziswa kunye neemfuno zokulinganisa, ezinye iindlela zokuthatha uxinzelelo ezifana nokuthatha uxinzelelo lwe-radial zingasetyenziswa.
(2) Ukukhethwa koluhlu oluhlukeneyo loxinzelelo lwe-different pressure transmitter
Ukukhethwa koluhlu loxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo kufuneka lunqunywe ngokwezibalo.Ngokubanzi, kufuneka ikhethwe ngokoxinzelelo olusebenzayo lolwelo:
Uxinzelelo oluphantsi olwahlukileyo: 6kPa, 10kPa;
Uxinzelelo oluphakathi olwahlukileyo: 16kPa, 25kPa;
Uxinzelelo oluphezulu olwahlukileyo: 40kPa, 60kPa.
(3) Amanyathelo okuphucula ukuchaneka komlinganiselo
Ulwelo olunobushushu obukhulu kunye noxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo, ubushushu kunye nemilinganiselo yembuyekezo yoxinzelelo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo;
Xa ubude becandelo lombhobho othe ngqo wombhobho alwanelanga okanye ukujikeleza okujikelezayo kuveliswa kumbhobho, imilinganiselo yokulungiswa kwamanzi kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo, kwaye umlungiseleli we-diameter yombhobho ohambelanayo kufuneka ukhethwe.
(4) Uhlobo olukhethekileyo lokuhamba koxinzelelo oluhlukileyo
①Isixhobo sokulinganisa umbane
Ukuhamba kwe-steam egcweleyo, xa ukuchaneka okufunekayo kungabi ngaphezu kwe-2.5, kwaye kubalwa kwindawo okanye ukude, imitha yokuhamba nge-steam ingasetyenziswa.
②I-flowmeter eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi
Kumlinganiselo wokuhamba kancinci kolwelo olucocekileyo, umphunga kunye negesi ngaphandle kwezinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo, xa umlinganiselo woluhlu ungekho mkhulu kune-3: 1, ukuchaneka komlinganiselo awukho phezulu, kwaye ububanzi bombhobho bungaphantsi kwe-50mm, indawo eyakhelweyo. I-orifice flowmeter inokukhethwa.Xa ulinganisa umphunga, iqondo lobushushu lomphunga alikho ngaphezulu kwe-120℃.
2. I-flowmeter yendawo
nini ukuya Xa ukuchaneka kungabikho ngaphezulu kwe-1.5 kwaye umlinganiselo woluhlu alukho ngaphezu kwe-10: 1, i-rotor flowmeter ingakhethwa.
(1) Irotamitha yeglasi
I-Glass rotor flowmeter ingasetyenziselwa ukubonakaliswa kwendawo yendawo encinci kunye nesantya sokuhamba, isantya esincinci sokuhamba, uxinzelelo olungaphantsi kwe-1MPa, iqondo lokushisa elingaphantsi kwe-100 ° C, licocekile kwaye licacile, lingenalo ityhefu, elingenakutsha kwaye liqhuma, alinamhlwa kwaye ukungabambeleli kwiglasi.
(2) I-rotameter ye-tube yensimbi
①I-rotameter yetyhubhu yentsimbi eqhelekileyo
Kulula ukujijeka, kulula ukujiya, kuyityhefu, kuyatsha, kuyagqabhuka, kwaye ayiqulathanga izinto zemagnethi, iintsinga kunye nezinto ezirhawukayo, kwaye ayidleki kwintsimbi engatyiwayo (1Crl8Ni9Ti) kumlinganiselo wokuqukuqela omncinci nophakathi wolwelo.Xa isalathisi sendawo okanye ukuhanjiswa kwesignali ekude kuyadingeka, i-Odinary metal tube rotameter ingasetyenziswa.
②I-rotameter yetyhubhu yodidi olukhethekileyo
I-Rotameter ye-Metal Tube enejacket
Xa i-medium elinganisiweyo ilula i-crystallize okanye i-vaporize okanye ine-viscosity ephezulu, i-rotameter ye-tube yebhatyi yensimbi ingakhethwa.Indawo yokufudumeza okanye yokupholisa idlula kwijacket.
I-Anti-corrosion metal tube rotameter
Ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwe-corrosion medium, anti-corrosion metal tube rotor flowmeter ingasetyenziswa.
(3) Isixhobo sokujikeleza
Ufakelo oluthe nkqo luyafuneka, kwaye ukuthambekela akukho ngaphezu kwe-5 °.Ulwelo kufuneka lube ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, indawo yokufakela kufuneka ishukunyiswe kancinci, kulula ukuyiqwalasela nokugcina, kwaye iivalvu zokuvala ezinyukayo nezisezantsi kufuneka zinikwe.Kwimidiya engcolileyo, isihluzi kufuneka sifakwe kwindawo yokungena kwi-flowmeter.
3. Isilinganisi-manzi sesantya
(1) Isilinganisi-manzi ekujoliswe kuso
Ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu kunye nenani elincinci leengqungquthela eziqinileyo, xa ukuchaneka kungabi ngaphezu kwe-1.5 kwaye umlinganiselo woluhlu alukho ngaphezu kwe-3: 1, i-flowmeter target ingasetyenziswa.
Iimitha zokuqukuqela ekujoliswe kuzo zifakwa ngokubanzi kwimibhobho ethe tye.Ubude becandelo lombhobho othe tye ngaphambili yi-15-40D, kwaye ubude becandelo lombhobho othe tye ngasemva yi-5D.
(2) Isilinganisi-manzi se-injini yomoya
Ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwegesi ecocekileyo kunye nolwelo olucocekileyo kunye ne-kinematic viscosity engekho ngaphezu kwe-5 × 10-6m2 / s, i-flowmeter ye-turbine ingasetyenziselwa xa kufuneka umlinganiselo ochanekileyo kwaye umlinganiselo woluhlu alukho ngaphezu kwe-10: 1.
Isilinganisi-manzi seinjini yomoya kufuneka sifakelwe kumbhobho othe tye ukuze uzalise wonke umbhobho ngolwelo, kwaye usete iivalvu zokumisa phezulu nasezantsi komlambo kunye neevalvu zokudlula, kunye nesihluzo esinyukayo kunye nevalve yokukhupha ezantsi.
Ubude becandelo lombhobho othe tye: umlambo awukho ngaphantsi kwe-20D, kwaye umlambo osezantsi awukho ngaphantsi kwe-5D.
(3) I-Vortex flowmeter (i-Kaman vortex flowmeter okanye i-vortex flowmeter)
Ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kunye nophakathi wokuhamba kwegesi ecocekileyo, umphunga kunye nolwelo, i-vortex flowmeter inokukhethwa.I-Vortex flowmeters akufanele isetyenziswe kumlinganiselo we-low-speed fluids kunye nolwelo olune-viscosity enkulu kune-20 × 10-3pa·s.Xa ukhetha, isantya sombhobho kufuneka sijongwe.
I-flowmeter ineempawu zokulahlekelwa kwengcinezelo encinci kunye nokufakwa lula.
Iimfuno zamacandelo emibhobho ethe tye: umlambo ophezulu ngu-15-40D (kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zombhobho);xa ufaka umlungisi onyukayo, umsinga onyukayo awukho ngaphantsi kwe-10D;umsinga osezantsi ubuncinane yi-5D.
(4) imitha yamanzi
Isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi aqokelelweyo kwisiza, xa umlinganiselo wokujika ungaphantsi kwe-30: 1, unokusebenzisa imitha yamanzi.
Umitha wamanzi ufakwe kumbhobho othe tye, kwaye ubude becandelo lombhobho othe tye kufuneka bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-8D ukuya phezulu kwaye bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-5D ezantsi.
<3> Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokulinganisa i-corrosive, conductive okanye flow flowing with particles solid
1. I-flowmeter yombane
Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuhamba kolwelo okanye okufanayo ulwelo-oluqilima isigaba esiphakathi esine-conductivity enkulu kune-10μS/cm.Inokumelana ne-corrosion elungileyo kunye nokumelana nokunxiba, akukho lahleko yoxinzelelo.Inokulinganisa imidiya eyahlukeneyo efana ne-asidi eyomeleleyo, ialkali eyomeleleyo, ityuwa, amanzi ammonia, udaka, i-ore pulp kunye ne-pulp yephepha.
Isalathiso sokufakela sinokuthi nkqo, sithe tyaba okanye sithambekele.Xa ufaka ngokuthe nkqo, ulwelo kufuneka lube ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu.Kwi-media-solid-solid media media, kungcono ukuyifaka ngokuthe nkqo.
Xa ifakwe kumbhobho othe tye, i-liquid kufuneka izaliswe kunye necandelo lombhobho, kwaye i-electrodes ye-transmitter kufuneka ibe kwi-plane efanayo ethe tye;ubude becandelo lombhobho othe tye kufuneka bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-5-10D phezulu kwaye kungabikho ngaphantsi kwe-3-5D ezantsi okanye akukho mfuneko (umenzi ohlukeneyo, iimfuno ezahlukeneyo).
I-transmitter ayifanele ifakwe kwiindawo apho amandla ombane angaphezulu kwe-398A/m.
2. Isixhobo sokungqubeka esingesiso umgangatho jonga ngasentla
1. I-Volumetric flowmeter
(1) Isilinganisi-manzi sesixhobo esimbhoxo
Ulwelo olucocekileyo, olukwi-viscosity ephezulu lufuna umlinganiselo ochaneke ngakumbi wokuqukuqela.Xa umlinganiselo woluhlu ungaphantsi kwe-10: 1, i-oval gear flowmeter ingasetyenziswa.
I-oval gear flowmeter kufuneka ifakwe kumbhobho othe tye, kunye nesalathisi sokudayela kufuneka sibe kwindiza ethe nkqo;iivalvu zokuvala umlambo ezinyukayo nasezantsi kunye neevalvu zokudlula kufuneka zibonelelwe.Isihluzi kufuneka sifakwe phezulu.
Ukuhamba kancinci, i-micro oval gear flowmeter ingasetyenziswa.
Xa ulinganisa zonke iintlobo zemithombo yeendaba ngokulula, kufuneka kongezwe into yokuphelisa umoya.
(2) Isilinganisi-manzi sevili esinqeni
Kwirhasi ecocekileyo okanye ulwelo, ngakumbi ioyile yokuthambisa, umlinganiselo wokuqukuqela odinga ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ivili lokuhamba esinqeni liyakhethwa.
I-flowmeter kufuneka ifakwe ngokuthe tye, kunye nombhobho odlulayo kunye nesihluzo esifakwe ekupheleni kokungena.
(3) I-scraper flowmeter
Umlinganiselo oqhubekayo wokuhamba kwamanzi kwiipayipi ezivaliweyo, ngokukodwa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo weemveliso ezahlukeneyo zeoli, i-scraper flowmeter ingakhethwa.
Ukufakwa kwe-scraper flowmeter kufuneka kugcwalise umbhobho ngolwelo, kwaye kufuneka ifakwe ngokuthe tye ukwenzela ukuba inani le-counter libe kwicala elithe nkqo.
Xa ulinganisa iimveliso zeoyile ezahlukeneyo kwaye ufuna umlinganiso ochanekileyo, kufuneka kongezwe into yokuphelisa umoya.
2. I-flowmeter ekujoliswe kuyo
Ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu kunye nenani elincinci leengqungquthela eziqinileyo, xa ukuchaneka kungabi ngaphezu kwe-1.5 kwaye umlinganiselo woluhlu alukho ngaphezu kwe-3: 1, i-flowmeter target ingasetyenziswa.
Iimitha zokuqukuqela ekujoliswe kuzo zifakwa ngokubanzi kwimibhobho ethe tye.Ubude becandelo lombhobho othe tye ngaphambili yi-15-40D, kwaye ubude becandelo lombhobho othe tye ngasemva yi-5D.
<5> Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokulinganisa ukuhamba kwee-diameter ezinkulu
Xa ububanzi bombhobho bukhulu, ukulahleka koxinzelelo kunempembelelo enkulu ekusebenziseni amandla.Iiflowmeters eziqhelekileyo ziyabiza.Xa ilahleko yoxinzelelo inkulu, iityhubhu zesantya ezifanayo ezimilise okweflute, izitrato zeplug-in vortex, ii-plug-in turbines, i-electromagnetic flowmeters, iityhubhu ze-venturi, kunye ne-ultrasonic flowmeters zinokukhethwa ngokwemeko.
1, flute iyunifomu yesantya ityhubhu flowmeter
Ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwegesi ecocekileyo, i-steam, kunye ne-liquid ecocekileyo ene-viscosity engaphantsi kwe-0.3Pa · s, xa ilahleko yoxinzelelo kufuneka ibe yincinci, i-flute uniform velocity velocity tube flowmeter ingakhethwa.
Umbhobho wesantya esifana nomtshingo ufakwe kumbhobho othe tyaba, kunye nobude becandelo lombhobho elithe tye: umlambo ungekho ngaphantsi kwe-6-24D, kwaye umlambo osezantsi awukho ngaphantsi kwe-3-4D.
2. Ukufaka i-flowmeter ye-iturbine, ukufaka i-vortex flowmeter, i-electromagnetic flowmeter, ityhubhu ye-Venturi
Jonga ngasentla.
<6> Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo ezintsha zokulinganisa ukuhamba
1. Ultrasonic flowmeter
I-Ultrasonic flowmeters ingasetyenziselwa zonke i-sound-conducting fluids.Ukongeza kwimidiya eqhelekileyo, kumajelo asebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ezifana nokugqwala okuqinileyo, ukungahambi kakuhle, ukutsha kunye nokuqhuma, kunye ne-radioactivity, xa ukulinganisa ukudibanisa kungasetyenziswa, kunokusetyenziswa.Ultrasonic flow meter.
2. Imitha yomthamo omkhulu
Xa kuyimfuneko ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye ngokuchanekileyo ukuhamba kobuninzi be-liquids, i-high-density gases kunye ne-slurries, i-mass flow meters ingasetyenziswa.
Iimitha zokuhamba ngobuninzi zibonelela ngedatha echanekileyo kunye nethembekileyo yobuninzi bedatha ngaphandle kokutshintsha kobushushu bolwelo, uxinzelelo, ubuninzi okanye i-viscosity.
Iimitha zokuhamba ngobuninzi zinokufakwa kulo naliphi na icala ngaphandle kokuhamba kombhobho othe ngqo.
<7> Ukukhethwa komgubo kunye nebhloko izixhobo zokulinganisa ukuhamba okuqinileyo
1. I-flowmeter ye-Impulse
Ukulinganisa ukuhamba kweengqungquthela ze-powder-falling kunye ne-block solids, xa izinto ezifunekayo ukuba zivaliwe kwaye zihanjiswe, kufuneka kusetyenziswe i-flowmeter ye-impulse;I-flowmeter ye-impulse ifanelekile kwizixhobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zobungakanani bamasuntswana, kwaye inokuchaneka nakwimeko yothuli oluninzi, kodwa ubunzima bezinto ezininzi abuyi kuba bukhulu kune-5% yobunzima bokubethelwa kwangaphambili. ipleyiti.
Ukufakwa kwe-flowmeter ye-impulse kufuna ukuba impahla kufuneka iqinisekiswe ukuba iwa ngokukhululekile, kwaye akukho mandla angaphandle kufuneka asebenze kwinto elinganisiweyo.Kukho iimfuno ezithile zokufakelwa kwe-angle ye-punching plate, i-angle kunye nokuphakama phakathi kwe-port yokutya kunye ne-punching plate, kwaye ube nobudlelwane obuthile kunye nokukhethwa koluhlu.Kufuneka ibalwe phambi kokukhethwa.
2. Isikali sebhanti ye-elektroniki
Umlinganiselo wokuhamba kwe-Solids kubahambisi bebhanti, efakwe kwi-belt conveyors kunye nokusebenza okusemgangathweni.Iimfuno zofakelo lwesakhelo sokulinganisa zingqongqo.Isikhundla sesakhelo sokulinganisa kwibhanti kunye nomgama ukusuka kwi-port engenanto kuya kuchaphazela ukuchaneka komlinganiselo.Indawo yokuhlohla kufuneka ikhethwe.
3. Isikali somkhondo
Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo okuzenzekelayo kweemoto zikaloliwe, izikali zomzila oguqukayo kufuneka zikhethwe.
Okwesihlanu, ukukhethwa kwesixhobo somgangatho
<1> Imigaqo ngokubanzi
(1) Kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ngokunzulu iimeko zenkqubo, iipropati zomlinganiselo ophakathi, kunye neemfuno zenkqubo yokulawula umlinganiselo ukwenzela ukuvavanya ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza kobugcisa kunye nemiphumo yezoqoqosho yesixhobo, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe imveliso ezinzileyo, ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso, kunye nokwandisa inzuzo yezoqoqosho.idlale indima yayo efanelekileyo.
(2) Izixhobo zodidi loxinzelelo olwahlukileyo, izixhobo zohlobo lokudada kunye nezixhobo zohlobo lokudada kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwinqanaba lolwelo kunye nomlinganiso wojongano.Xa iimfuno zingafezekiswanga, i-capacitive, i-resistive (uqhagamshelwano lombane), kunye nezixhobo ze-sonic zingasetyenziswa.
Umlinganiselo womgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo kufuneka ukhethwe ngokobungakanani bezinto eziphathekayo, i-angle yokuphumla kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukuqhutyelwa kombane wezinto eziphathekayo, isakhiwo se-silo kunye neemfuno zokulinganisa.
(3) Isakhiwo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zesixhobo kufuneka zikhethwe ngokweempawu zendlela yokulinganisa.Imiba ephambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kuxinzelelo, ubushushu, ukubola, ukuhanjiswa kombane;nokuba kukho izinto ezinje ngepolymerization, viscosity, precipitation, crystallization, conjunctiva, gasification, foaming, njl.;ukuxinana kunye nokutshintsha koxinzelelo;ubungakanani bezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo kulwelo;Iqondo lokuphazamiseka komphezulu kunye nobungakanani besuntswana lezinto eziqinileyo.
(4) Indlela yokubonisa kunye nomsebenzi wesixhobo uya kumiselwa ngokweemfuno zenkqubo yokusebenza kunye nokubunjwa kwenkqubo.Xa ukuhanjiswa komqondiso kufuneka, izixhobo ezinomsebenzi wemveliso ye-analog okanye umsebenzi wokukhupha umqondiso wedijithali unokukhethwa.
(5) Uluhlu lokulinganisa lwesixhobo kufuneka lugqitywe ngokubhekiselele kuluhlu lwangempela lokubonisa okanye ulwahlulo lwangempela lwento yenkqubo.Ukongeza kwimitha yomgangatho wokulinganisa umthamo, umgangatho oqhelekileyo kufuneka ngokubanzi ube malunga ne-50% yoluhlu lweemitha.
(6) Ukuchaneka kwesixhobo kufuneka kukhethwe ngokweemfuno zenkqubo, kodwa umgangatho wesixhobo somgangatho osetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umthamo kufuneka ube ngaphezu kwe-0.5.
(7) Izixhobo zomgangatho we-elektroniki ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobungozi obuqhumayo njengerhasi etshayo, umphunga nothuli olunokutsha.Uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesakhiwo esimelana nokudubula kufuneka sikhethwe okanye amanye amanyathelo okhuseleko kufuneka athathwe ngokodidi olumiselweyo lwendawo enobungozi kunye neqondo lobungozi bommandla olinganisiweyo.
(8) Kwizixhobo zomgangatho we-elektroniki ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinjengeegesi ezitshabalalisayo kunye nothuli oluyingozi, uhlobo olufanelekileyo lokukhusela indawo evaliweyo kufuneka lukhethwe ngokwemiqathango yokusingqongileyo yokusetyenziswa.
<2> Ukukhethwa kwinqanaba lolwelo kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa ujongano
1. Isixhobo sokulinganisa uxinzelelo esahlukileyo
(1) Ngomlinganiselo oqhubekayo wenqanaba lolwelo, isixhobo soxinzelelo oluhlukileyo kufuneka sikhethwe.
Kumlinganiso wojongano, isixhobo soxinzelelo esahlukileyo sinokukhethwa, kodwa kuyafuneka ukuba inqanaba lolwelo lilonke kufuneka lihlale liphezulu kunezibuko loxinzelelo oluphezulu.
(2) Ngeemfuno eziphezulu malunga nokuchaneka kokulinganisa, inkqubo yokulinganisa idinga imisebenzi enzima ngakumbi, kwaye xa isixhobo se-analog jikelele sinzima ukufezekisa, i-different pressure yokudlulisa isixhobo esikrelekrele sinokukhethwa, kwaye ukuchaneka kwayo kungaphezulu kwe-0.2.
(3) Xa ukuxinana kolwelo kutshintsha kakhulu phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, akufanelekanga ukusebenzisa isixhobo soxinzelelo oluhlukileyo.
(4) Izixhobo zoxinzelelo ezigudileyo zeflange kufuneka zisetyenziselwe ulwelo oludlekayo, ulwelo oluyikristale, ulwelo lweviscous, ulwelo oluba ngumphunga ngokulula, kunye nolwelo oluqulethe izinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo.
Ulwelo oluphezulu lwekristale, ulwelo oluphezulu-viscosity, ulwelo lwegelatinous, kunye nolwelo lwemvula kufuneka lusebenzise isixhobo soxinzelelo lwe-plug-in flange.
Ukuba kukho isixa esikhulu se-condensate kunye nentlenga kumgangatho wolwelo womlinganiselo ophakathi apha ngasentla, okanye ukuba ulwelo olunobushushu obuphezulu kufuneka lubekwe lodwa kumthumeli, okanye xa isiphakathi esilinganisiweyo sifuna ukutshintshwa, intloko yokulinganisa kufuneka zicocwe ngokungqongqo, uhlobo lweflange oluphindwe kabini lunokukhethwa.Igeyiji yoxinzelelo olwahlukileyo.
5 Igeyiji yoxinzelelo, isixhobo sokuhambisa uxinzelelo okanye isixhobo sokuhambisa uxinzelelo esingafaniyo sokulinganisa.
(6) Kwiqondo lobushushu elikwindawo engqongileyo, isigaba serhasi sinokujiya, isigaba solwelo siguqulwe sibe ngumphunga, okanye isigaba serhasi sinokwahlulwa kolwelo, xa kunzima ukusebenzisa isixhobo soxinzelelo esineflanged kunye nesixhobo soxinzelelo esiqhelekileyo esisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa. , ifanele imiselwe ngokwemeko ethile.Misa i-isolator, izahluli, ii-vaporizers, iinqanawa zokulinganisa kunye nezinye izinto, okanye ubushushu kunye nokulandelela umbhobho wokulinganisa.
(7) Xa ulinganisa inqanaba lolwelo lomgqomo webhoyila ngesixhobo soxinzelelo olwahlukileyo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe isikhongozeli sebhalansi esibuyekezwe ngamagumbi amabini.
(8) Ukufuduka okulungileyo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwezixhobo zoxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ukhetha uluhlu lwesixhobo.
2. Isixhobo sokulinganisa i-buoy
(1) Kumlinganiselo oqhubekayo womgangatho wolwelo ngaphakathi koluhlu lomlinganiselo we-2000mm kunye noxinano oluthile lwe-0.5 ukuya kwi-1.5, kunye nomlinganiselo oqhubekayo wojongano lolwelo kunye noluhlu lomlinganiselo ophakathi kwe-1200mm kunye noxinano oluthile lomahluko we-0.1 ukuya ku-0.5 , isixhobo sohlobo lwe-buoy kufuneka sisetyenziswe.
Kwizinto ezifunxayo kunye nolwelo ekulula ukuba lube ngumphunga, izixhobo zohlobo lwe-float kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
Izixhobo zohlobo lwe-pneumatic float kufuneka zisetyenziselwe inqanaba lolwelo olukwisiza okanye uhlengahlengiso.
Iimitha zokufuduswa mazisetyenziselwe ukucoca ulwelo.
(2) Khetha isixhobo sohlobo lwe-buoy.Xa imfuno yokuchaneka iphezulu kwaye umqondiso ufuna ukuhanjiswa okude, uhlobo lokulinganisela kwamandla kufuneka lukhethwe;xa imfuno yokuchaneka ingekho phezulu kwaye isalathisi sendawo okanye ukulungiswa kuyadingeka, uhlobo lwebhalansi yokufuduka lunokukhethwa.
(3) Kumgangatho wolwelo womlinganiselo wamatanki ogcino oluvulekileyo kunye neetanki zokugcina ulwelo oluvulekileyo, i-buoy yangaphakathi kufuneka ikhethwe;kwizinto ezingamalwelo ezingakhazimlisi kwaye azibonakalisi kwiqondo lobushushu lokusebenza, kodwa zinokuqaqamba okanye zibambelele kubushushu obukhoyo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iibhoyi zangaphakathi.Kwizixhobo zenkqubo ezingavumelekanga ukuba ziyeke, i-buoy yangaphakathi akufanele isetyenziswe, kodwa i-buoy yangaphandle kufuneka isetyenziswe.Izinto ezingamanzi ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ikristale okanye ubushushu obuphezulu, izinto ezidadayo zangaphandle akufunekanga zisetyenziswe.
(4) Xa isixhobo se-buoy sangaphakathi sinesiphazamiso esikhulu solwelo kwisikhongozeli, isingxobo esizinzileyo sokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kufuneka sifakelwe.
(5) Isilinganisi-manzi sombane sisetyenziselwa izihlandlo apho umgangatho wolwelo olulinganisiweyo uguquguquka rhoqo, kwaye umqondiso wemveliso kufuneka uthotywe.
3. Isixhobo sokulinganisa ukudada
(1) Kumlinganiselo oqhubekayo kunye nomlinganiselo womthamo womgangatho wolwelo wokucoca wamatanki amakhulu ogcino, kunye nomlinganiselo wendawo yomgangatho wolwelo kunye nojongano lolwelo olwahlukeneyo lokucoca itanki yogcino, izixhobo zohlobo lokudada kufuneka zikhethwe.
(2) Ulwelo olumdaka kunye nolwelo olukhenkcezisiweyo kumaqondo obushushu akwindawo engqongileyo akufuneki lusetyenziswe kunye nohlobo lwezixhobo ezidadayo.Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kunye ne-multi-point measurement ye-viscous liquid, ayifanelekanga ukusebenzisa isixhobo sohlobo lwe-float.
(3) Xa isixhobo sokulinganisa uhlobo lwe-float sisetyenziselwa umlinganiselo wojongano, ingxinano ethile yolwelo ezimbini kufuneka ihlale ingaguquki, kwaye umahluko woxinaniso okhethekileyo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-0.2.
(4) Xa isixhobo somgangatho wolwelo sodidi lwangaphakathi sisetyenziselwa umlinganiselo wolwelo kwiitanki ezinkulu zokugcina, ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhukuliseka okudadayo, izibonelelo zesikhokelo kufuneka zinikezelwe;ukwenzela ukukhusela i-float ukuba ingachaphazeleki kukuphazamiseka kwinqanaba lolwelo, i-casing ezinzileyo kufuneka ifakwe.
(5) Umlinganiselo oqhubekayo womgangatho wolwelo okanye umthamo wolwelo kwiitanki ezinkulu zokugcina.Kwiitanki zokugcina enye okanye iitanki zokugcina ezininzi ezifuna ukuchaneka komlinganiselo ophezulu, iimitha zomgangatho wolwelo olukhokelwa ukukhanya kufuneka zisetyenziswe;kwiitanki zokugcina ezineemfuno zokuchaneka komlinganiselo jikelele, intsimbi Enegeyiji yomgangatho wokudada.Kwiitanki zokugcina enye okanye iitanki ezininzi zokugcina ezifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu komgangatho oqhubekayo womgangatho wolwelo, ujongano, umthamo kunye nobunzima, inkqubo yokulinganisa itanki yokugcina kufuneka ikhethwe.
(6) Umlinganiselo wamanqaku amaninzi omgangatho wolwelo kwiitanki zogcino oluvulekileyo kunye neetanki zokugcina ulwelo ezivulekileyo, kunye nomlinganiselo wamanqaku amaninzi olwelo oludlekayo, oluyityhefu nolunye oluyingozi, kufuneka lusebenzise imilinganiselo yolwelo yohlobo lwemagnethi edadayo.
(7) Kumgangatho womlinganiselo wolwelo lwe-viscous, isilawuli somgangatho wokudada kufuneka sisetyenziswe.
4. Isixhobo sokulinganisa esinamandla
(1) Ngomlinganiselo oqhubekayo kunye nomlinganiselo womgangatho wolwelo oludlayo, ulwelo olumanzi kunye nolunye ulwelo lwenkqubo yeekhemikhali, iimitha zomgangatho wolwelo olunamandla kufuneka zikhethwe.
Xa isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-interface, iipropati zombane zolwelo ezimbini kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zobugcisa bemveliso.
(2) Imodeli ethile, uhlobo lwesakhiwo se-electrode, kunye nemathiriyeli ye-electrode ye-capacitance liquid level meter kufuneka imiselwe ngokweempawu zombane we medium medium, the material of the container and other factors.
(3) Kwi-liquids non-viscous non-conductive liquids, i-electrode ye-shaft-sleeve ingasetyenziswa;kwi-non-viscous conductive liquids, i-electrode yohlobo lwemikhono ingasetyenziswa;kwi-viscous non-conductive liquids, i-electrode engenanto ingasetyenziswa, indawo ye-electrode kufuneka ikhethe izinto ezinobudlelwane obuphantsi kunye nolwelo oluza kuvavanywa okanye luthathe amanyathelo okucoca ngokuzenzekelayo.
(4) Igeyiji yenqanaba leCapacitance ayinakusetyenziselwa umlinganiselo oqhubekayo womgangatho wolwelo we-viscous conductive.
(5) Izixhobo zokulinganisa amandla ombane zisesichengeni sokuphazamiseka kombane, kwaye iintambo ezikhuselweyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe, okanye amanye amanyathelo okuphazamisana nombane kufuneka athathwe.
(6) Iigeyiji zenqanaba lolwelo lweCapacitance ezisetyenziselwa umlinganiselo wendawo kufuneka zifakwe ngokuthe tye;Iimitha zomgangatho we-capacitance liquid ezisetyenziselwa umlinganiselo oqhubekayo kufuneka zifakwe ngokuthe nkqo.
5. Isixhobo sokulinganisa esichasayo (sombane).
(1) Kumgangatho womlinganiselo wolwelo oludlekayo, kunye nemilinganiselo yolwelo oluqhubayo kunye nolwelo olungaqhubekiyo, Ukusetyenziswa kolwelo oluxhathisayo (uqhagamshelwano lombane).
2Kumanzi angabonakaliyo kwaye kulula ukunamathela kwi-electrodes, i-resissive (uqhagamshelwano lombane) iimitha akufanele isetyenziswe.
6. Isixhobo sokulinganisa uxinzelelo olusisigxina
(1) Ngomlinganiselo oqhubekayo womgangatho wolwelo wamadama onikezelo lwamanzi, amaqula kunye namadama anobunzulu be-5m ukuya kwi-100m, izixhobo zoxinzelelo oluzinzileyo kufuneka zikhethwe.
Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kwinqanaba le-liquid kwimikhumbi engaxinzelelwanga, izixhobo ze-hydrostatic zingakhethwa.
(2) Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, xa ukuxinana kolwelo kutshintsha kakhulu, akufanelekile ukusebenzisa isixhobo soxinzelelo lwe-static.
7. Isixhobo sokulinganisa iSonic
(1) Kumlinganiselo oqhubekayo kunye nomgangatho womlinganiselo wolwelo oludlekayo, ulwelo oluphezulu lwe-viscous, ulwelo oluyityhefu kunye namanye amanqanaba olwelo ekunzima ukuwalinganisa ngezixhobo zomgangatho oqhelekileyo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe izixhobo zokulinganisa uhlobo lwamaza eacoustic.
(2) Imodeli ethile kunye nesakhiwo sesixhobo se-sonic kufuneka sinqunywe ngokweempawu zendlela yokulinganisa kunye nezinye izinto.
(3) Izixhobo zeSonic kufuneka zisetyenziselwe umlinganiselo wezinga lolwelo kwizikhongozeli ezinokubonakalisa kunye nokuhambisa amaza esandi, kwaye azinakusetyenziselwa kwizikhongozeli zevacuum.Ayilufanelanga ulwelo olunamaqamza kunye nolwelo oluqulethe amasuntswana aqinileyo.
(4) Izixhobo ze-acoustic akufanele zisetyenziswe kwizikhongozeli ezinemiqobo yangaphakathi echaphazela ukusasazwa kwamaza omsindo.
(5) Kwisixhobo samaza e-acoustic esilinganisa ngokuqhubekayo inqanaba lolwelo, ukuba iqondo lobushushu kunye nokwakhiwa kolwelo oluza kulinganiswa lutshintsha kakhulu, imbuyekezo yotshintsho lwesantya sosasazo lwe-acoustic kufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuphucula ukuchaneka komlinganiselo.
(6) Intambo ephakathi komtshini kunye nesiguquli kufuneka ikhuselwe, okanye imilinganiselo yokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kombane kufuneka iqwalaselwe.
8. Isixhobo sokulinganisa i-microwave
(1) Kumlinganiselo oqhubekayo womgangatho wolwelo wolwelo oludlekayo, ulwelo olukwiqondo eliphezulu le-viscosity kunye nolwelo oluyityhefu kumatanki amakhulu anophahla olusisigxina kunye namatanki anophahla oludadayo ekunzima ukuwalinganisa ngokuchaneka okuphezulu ngezixhobo zomgangatho wolwelo eziqhelekileyo, izixhobo zokulinganisa iimicrowaves. kufuneka isetyenziswe.
Indlela yokulinganisa isixhobo sokulinganisa i-microwave isebenzisa iskena esiqhubekayo se-microwave kuluhlu oluthile lwamaza.Xa umgama phakathi kwenqanaba lolwelo kunye ne-eriyali utshintsha, umahluko ophindaphindiweyo uyenziwa phakathi komqondiso wokuva kunye nomqondiso obonakalisiweyo, kwaye umahluko wefrikhwensi unxulumene nomgama phakathi kwenqanaba lolwelo kunye ne-eriyali.Ngokulinganayo, ngoko ke umahluko kumlinganiselo wefrikhwensi unokuguqulwa ukufumana inqanaba lolwelo.
(2) Isakhiwo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo ze-antenna kufuneka zinqunywe ngokweempawu zendlela yokulinganisa, uxinzelelo kwitanki yokugcina kunye nezinye izinto.
(3) Kwiitanki zokugcina ezinemiqobo yangaphakathi echaphazela ukuhanjiswa kwe-microwave, izixhobo ze-microwave akufanele zisetyenziswe.
(4) Xa ubuninzi bomphunga wamanzi kunye nomphunga wehydrocarbon kwitanki unotshintsho olubalulekileyo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, imbuyekezo yokutshintsha isantya sosasazo lwe-microwave kufuneka iqwalaselwe;kwinqanaba elibilisayo okanye eliphazamisekileyo, ukunciphisa ububanzi kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.Umbhobho omileyo wophondo kunye namanye amanyathelo okubuyisela ukuphucula ukuchaneka komlinganiselo.
9. Isixhobo sokulinganisa ukusasazeka kwemitha yenyukliya
(1) Kuba umlinganiselo oqhubekayo wonxibelelwano kunye nomgangatho womgangatho wolwelo lobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, i-viscosity ephezulu, i-corrosion enamandla, imidiya eqhumayo kunye netyhefu, xa kunzima ukusebenzisa ezinye izixhobo zolwelo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomlinganiselo. , isixhobo sohlobo lwemitha yenyukliya sinokukhethwa..
(2) Ubunzulu bomthombo wemitha kufuneka bukhethwe ngokweemfuno zomlinganiselo.Ngelo xesha, emva kokuba i-radiation idlule kwinto elinganisiweyo, idosi ye-radiation kwindawo yomsebenzi kufuneka ibe yincinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye umgangatho wedosi yokhuseleko kufuneka uhambelane "neMimiselo yoKhuseleko lweRadiation" yangoku (GB8703-88).), ngaphandle koko, amanyathelo okukhusela afana nokukhusela ukuzimela kufuneka athathelwe ingqalelo ngokupheleleyo.
(3) Uhlobo lomthombo wokusasazeka kwemitha kufuneka lukhethwe ngokweemfuno zomlinganiselo kunye neempawu zento elinganisiweyo, njengobuninzi besixhobo esilinganisiweyo, imilo yejometri yesingxobo, imathiriyeli kunye nobukhulu bodonga.Xa ubunzulu bomthombo wokusasazeka kwemitha bufuneka bube buncinci, i-radium (Re) ingasetyenziswa;xa ubunzulu bomthombo wokusasazeka kwemitha kufuneka bube bukhulu, i-cesium 137 (Csl37) ingasetyenziswa;xa isitya esityebileyo esinodonga sifuna isakhono esinamandla sokungena, i-cobalt 60 (Co60).
(4) Ukuze ugweme impazamo yokulinganisa okubangelwa ukubola komthombo wemitha, ukuphucula ukuzinza komsebenzi kunye nokunciphisa inani lokulinganisa, isixhobo sokulinganisa kufuneka sikwazi ukuhlawulela ukubola.
10. Isixhobo sokulinganisa iLaser
(1) Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kwinqanaba lolwelo lwezikhongozeli ezinezakhiwo ezinzima okanye imiqobo yomatshini, kunye nezikhongozeli ekunzima ukuzifaka ngokweendlela eziqhelekileyo, izixhobo zokulinganisa i-laser kufuneka zikhethwe.
(2) Kulwelo olucacileyo ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokubonakaliswa, izixhobo zokulinganisa i-laser azinakusetyenziswa.
1. Isixhobo sokulinganisa esinamandla
(1) Kwizixhobo zegranular kunye nezixhobo zomgubo kunye negranular, njengamalahle, i-monomer yeplastiki, isichumisi, isanti, njl., ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kunye nokulinganisa indawo, izixhobo zokulinganisa i-capacitive kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
(2) Intambo yolwandiso lwesixhobo kufuneka ibe yintambo ekhuselekileyo, okanye imilinganiselo yokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kombane kufuneka iqwalaselwe.
2. Isixhobo sokulinganisa iSonic
(1) Kumgangatho womlinganiselo wemigangatho yegranular enesuntswana lobungakanani obungaphantsi kwe-10mm kwizisele kunye neehopper ezingenazo ukungcangcazela okanye ukungcangcazela okuncinci, imitha yomgangatho wefolokhwe yokulungisa inokukhethwa.
2
(3) Umlinganiselo oqhubekayo kunye nomlinganiselo wezinga lezinto ze-micropowder, i-reflection ultrasonic level gauges kufuneka isetyenziswe.I-gauge yezinga le-ultrasonic ebonakalisayo ayifanelekanga ukulinganisa inqanaba lemigqomo egcwele uthuli kunye ne-hoppers, okanye ukulinganisa inqanaba kunye neendawo ezingalinganiyo.
3. Isixhobo sokulinganisa esichasayo (sombane).
(1) Kwimathiriyeli yegranular kunye nomgubo esebenza kakuhle okanye engalunganga yombane, kodwa equlathe ukufuma, okufana namalahle, icoke kunye nezinye izinto zomlinganiso womgangatho womphezulu, izixhobo zokulinganisa ukuxhathisa zinokusetyenziswa.
(2) Ixabiso le-electrode-to-ground resistance echazwe yimveliso kufuneka ihlangane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka kunye novakalelo lomlinganiselo.
4. Isixhobo sokulinganisa i-microwave
(1) Ukulinganisa inqanaba kunye nomlinganiselo oqhubekayo webhloko kunye nezixhobo zegranular ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ukunamathela okuphezulu, ukubola okuphezulu kunye netyhefu ephezulu, izixhobo zokulinganisa i-microwave kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
(2) Ayifanelekanga ukulinganisa inqanaba kunye nomphezulu ongalinganiyo.
5. Isixhobo sokulinganisa ukusasazeka kwemitha yenyukliya
(1) Kumgangatho womlinganiselo kunye nomlinganiselo oqhubekayo wezinto ezininzi, igranular kunye nomgubo-granular ezinobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukunamathela okuphezulu, ukubola okuphezulu kunye netyhefu ephezulu, izixhobo zokumeta ngemitha yenyukliya zinokukhethwa.
(2) Ezinye iimfuno ziya kuhambelana namalungiselelo akhankanywe ngasentla.
6. Isixhobo sokulinganisa iLaser
(1) Kwimigqomo enezakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo okanye imiqobo yomatshini, kunye nomlinganiselo oqhubekayo womgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo wemigqomo ekunzima ukuyifaka ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo, izixhobo zokulinganisa i-laser kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
(2) Kwizinto ezicacileyo ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokubonakalisa, izixhobo zokulinganisa i-laser azikwazi ukusetyenziswa.
7. Isixhobo sokulinganisa esichasene nokujikeleza
(1) Kwii-silos kunye nee-hoppers ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi kwaye akukho xinzelelo lwe-pulsating, kwi-positional measurement ye-granular kunye ne-powder granular materials kunye noxinaniso oluthile olungaphezu kwe-0.2, isixhobo sokulinganisa ukuchasana sinokusetyenziswa.
(2) Ubungakanani be-rotor kufuneka bukhethwe ngokobuninzi obuthile bezinto eziphathekayo.
(3) Ukuze ugweme ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesixhobo esibangelwa yinto ebetha i-rotor, i-plate yokukhusela kufuneka ibekwe ngaphezu kwe-rotor.
8. Isixhobo sokulinganisa i-diaphragm
(1) Ukulinganisa indawo yegranular okanye umgubo wegranular kwi-silos kunye neehoppers, izixhobo zokulinganisa i-diaphragm zingakhethwa.
(2) Ekubeni isenzo se-diaphragm sichaphazeleka ngokulula ngokubambelela kweengqungquthela kunye nempembelelo yoxinzelelo lokuhamba kweengqungquthela, ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezineemfuno ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo.
9. Isixhobo sokulinganisa isando esinzima
(1) Kwiisilos ezinkulu, iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezininzi, kunye nezikhongozeli ezivulekileyo okanye ezivaliweyo ezingenaxinzelelo kunye nokuphakama kwenqanaba lezinto ezinkulu kunye noluhlu olubanzi olubanzi, umphezulu wemathiriyeli wesambuku, izixhobo zegranular kunye nomgubo wegranular kunye nokuncamathela okuncinci kufuneka kuhlale kulinganiswa ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo.Sebenzisa isixhobo sokulinganisa esando esinzima.
(2) Ifom yesando esinzima kufuneka ikhethwe ngokuhambelana nobukhulu beqhekeza, umswakama owomileyo kunye nezinye izinto eziphathekayo.
(3) Kumgangatho wemathiriyeli womlinganiselo wemigqomo kunye nezikhongozeli ezinosasazo olukhulu lothuli, isixhobo sokulinganisa ihamile enzima esinesixhobo sokuvuthela umoya kufuneka sisetyenziswe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-21-2022