Itekhnoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula kunye nesixhobo yithiyori kunye nethekhinoloji ephonononga ukufunyanwa kunye nokusetyenzwa kolwazi kunye nokulawulwa kwezinto ezinxulumeneyo.“Itekhnoloji yomlinganiselo kunye nolawulo nezixhobo” ibhekisa kwiindlela nezixhobo zokuqokelela ulwazi, umlinganiselo, ugcino, ugqithiso, ulungiso nolawulo, kubandakanywa itekhnoloji yokulinganisa, iteknoloji yolawulo, kunye nezixhobo kunye neenkqubo eziphumeza obu buchwepheshe.
ITekhnoloji yoMlinganiso kunye noLawulo
Itekhnoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula kunye nezixhobo zisekelwe kumatshini ochanekileyo, iteknoloji yombane, i-optics, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo kunye nobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha.Ifunda ikakhulu imigaqo emitsha, iindlela kunye neenkqubo zovavanyo oluchanekileyo kunye nolawulo lwetekhnoloji.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iteknoloji yekhompyutheni idlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu kuphando lwesicelo somlinganiselo kunye nokulawula iteknoloji.
Itekhnoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula iteknoloji yesicelo esetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwimveliso kunye nobomi, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuhlanganisa iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bezentlalo ezifana "nobunzima bezolimo, ulwandle, umhlaba kunye nomoya, ukutya kunye nempahla".Itekhnoloji ye-Instrumentation "yi-multiplier" yoqoqosho lwelizwe, "igosa lokuqala" lophando lwezenzululwazi, "amandla okulwa" emkhosini, kunye "nejaji yezinto eziphathekayo" kwimimiselo yomthetho.Uvavanyo olusekhompyutheni kunye nobuchwepheshe bolawulo kunye nezixhobo ezikrelekrele nezichanekileyo zokulinganisa kunye neenkqubo ziyimpawu ezibalulekileyo kunye neendlela kwiinkalo zemveliso yanamhlanje kunye nemveliso yezolimo, uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ulawulo, ukuhlolwa kunye nokubeka iliso, kwaye zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu.
Ukusetyenziswa kweTekhnoloji yoMlinganiso kunye noLawulo kunye neTekhnoloji yezixhobo
Itekhnoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula itekhnoloji esetyenziswayo, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, ezolimo, ezothutho, ukuhamba ngenqanawa, ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya, umkhosi, amandla ombane kunye nobomi boluntu.Ngophuhliso lobugcisa bemveliso, umlinganiselo kunye nolawulo lwetekhnoloji idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwitekhnoloji yolawulo ukusuka kulawulo lokuqala lwenye kunye nezixhobo zayo, ukuya kulawulo lwenkqubo yonke, nkqu nenkqubo, ngakumbi kubuchwephesha banamhlanje. kwinkalo yenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe bale mihla.
Kwishishini le-metallurgical, ukusetyenziswa komlinganiselo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula kubandakanya: ukulawula isithando somlilo esitshisayo, ukulawula ukutshaja kunye nokulawulwa kwesithando somlilo kwinkqubo yokwenza isinyithi, ukulawula uxinzelelo, ukulawulwa kwesantya sokugaya, ukulawulwa kwekhoyili, njl. izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokubona ezisetyenziswa apho.
Kwishishini lamandla ombane, ukusetyenziswa komlinganiselo kunye netekhnoloji yokulawula kubandakanya inkqubo yokulawula ukutsha kwebhoyila, ukujonga okuzenzekelayo, ukhuseleko oluzenzekelayo, uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo kunye nenkqubo yokulawula inkqubo ye-injini yomphunga, kunye negalelo lamandla kunye nenkqubo yokulawula ukuphuma. injini.
Kwishishini lamalahle, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula kubandakanya: isixhobo sokugawulwa kwe-methane ye-coalbed kwinkqubo yokumbiwa kwamalahle, isixhobo sokufumanisa ukubunjwa komgodi womoya, isixhobo sokujonga igesi emigodini, inkqubo yokubeka iliso ephantsi komhlaba, njl. njl., inkqubo yokucima i-coke kunye nolawulo lokubuyisela igesi inkqubo yokucokisa amalahle, ulawulo lwenkqubo yokucokisa, ulawulo lokuhanjiswa koomatshini bokuvelisa, njl.
Kwishishini lepetroleum, ukusetyenziswa komlinganiselo kunye nolawulo lwetekhnoloji kubandakanya: indawo yamagnetic, imitha yomthamo wamanzi, igeyiji yoxinzelelo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokulinganisa ezixhasa itekhnoloji yokugawulwa kwemithi kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ioyile, inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla, inkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi, inkqubo yokubonelela ngegesi, inkqubo yokubonelela ngegesi. , Inkqubo yokugcinwa kunye nokuthutha kunye nenkqubo yokucoca inkunkuma emithathu kunye nezixhobo zokufumanisa inani elikhulu leeparamitha kwinkqubo yokuvelisa eqhubekayo.
Kwishishini lemichiza, ukusetyenziswa komlinganiselo kunye neteknoloji yokulawula ibandakanya: umlinganiselo weqondo lokushisa, ukulinganisa ukuhamba, ukulinganisa inqanaba le-liquid, i-concentration, i-acidity, umswakama, ubuninzi, i-turbidity, ixabiso le-calorific kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zegesi ezixutywe.Izixhobo zokulawula ezihlala zilawula iiparamitha ezilawulwayo, njl.
Kumashishini oomatshini, ukusetyenziswa komlinganiselo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula kubandakanya: ngokuchanekileyo izixhobo zomatshini wokulawula idijithali, imigca yokuvelisa ngokuzenzekelayo, iirobhothi zoshishino, njl.
Kwishishini le-aerospace, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula kubandakanya: ukulinganiswa kweeparameters ezifana nokuphakama kwenqwelomoya yenqwelomoya, isantya sokubhabha, imo yokubhabha kunye nesalathiso, ukukhawuleza, ukulayisha ngaphezulu, kunye nemeko ye-injini, itekhnoloji yemoto ye-aerospace, itekhnoloji ye-spacecraft, kunye nokulinganisa i-aerospace. kunye neteknoloji yokulawula.Yima.
Kwizixhobo zomkhosi, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula kubandakanya: izixhobo ezikhokelwa ngokuchanekileyo, izixhobo ezikrelekrele, inkqubo yomyalelo womkhosi we-automation system (inkqubo ye-C4IRS), izixhobo zasemkhosini zangaphandle (ezifana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomkhosi, unxibelelwano, isilumkiso kwangethuba, iisathelayithi zokuhamba, njl. .).
Ukuqulunqwa kunye noPhuhliso lweTekhnoloji yoMlinganiselo kunye noLawulo
Iinyaniso zembali zophuhliso lwenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe Imbali yokuqonda komntu kunye nokuguqulwa kwendalo nayo iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yembali yempucuko yabantu.Uphuhliso lwenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe kuqala luxhomekeke kuphuhliso lobugcisa bokulinganisa.Inzululwazi yendalo yanamhlanje iqala ngomlinganiselo ngengqiqo yokwenene.Izazinzulu ezininzi ezibalaseleyo ziphupha ngokuba ngabaqambi bezixhobo zenzululwazi kunye nabaseki beendlela zokulinganisa.Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yokulinganisa iqhuba ngokuthe ngqo inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe.
Inguqu yokuqala yezobuchwepheshe
Ngenkulungwane ye-17 neye-18, iteknoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula yayiqala ukuvela.Ezinye iingcali zefiziksi eYurophu zaqala ukusebenzisa amandla akhoyo kunye nemagnethi ukwenza iigalvanometers ezilula, kwaye zisebenzisa iilensi zamehlo ukwenza iiteleskopu, ngaloo ndlela zibeka isiseko sombane kunye nezixhobo zokukhanya.Ngeminyaka yee-1760, uguqulo lokuqala lwezenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe lwaqala eUnited Kingdom.Ukuza kuthi ga kwinkulungwane ye-19, inguqulelo yokuqala yenzululwazi neyobuchwephesha yanda eYurophu, eMelika naseJapan.Ngeli xesha, ezinye izixhobo zokulinganisa ezilula, ezifana nezixhobo zokulinganisa ubude, ukushisa, uxinzelelo, njl., zisetyenzisiwe.Ebomini, imveliso enkulu idalwe.
Inguqu yesibini kwezobuchwepheshe
Uthotho lwenkqubela phambili kwinkalo ye-electromagnetism ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 yabangela inguqu yesibini kwezobuchwepheshe.Ngenxa yokuveliswa kwesixhobo sokulinganisa umsinga, imagnethi yombane yakhawuleza yafakwa kwindlela efanelekileyo, yaye into enye emva kwenye yakhula.Izinto ezininzi eziveliswe kwinkalo ye-electromagnetism, njenge-telegraph, ifowuni, ijenereyitha, njl., zifake isandla ekufikeni kwexesha lombane.Kwangaxeshanye, ezinye izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa kunye nokuphononongwa ziyavela, ezifana ne-theodolite echanekileyo yodidi lokuqala olusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuphakama ngaphambi kwe-1891.
Inguqu yesithathu kwezobuchwepheshe
Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, imfuno engxamisekileyo yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kumazwe ahlukeneyo yakhuthaza inguqu yobugcisa bemveliso ukusuka kubuchwephesha obuqhelekileyo ukuya kumbane kunye ne-automation, kwaye uthotho lwempumelelo enkulu kuphando lwethiyori yenzululwazi lwenziwa.
Ngeli xesha, imboni yokuvelisa emelwe yimveliso ye-electromechanical yaqala ukuphuhlisa ishishini.Iimpawu zemveliso yobuninzi beemveliso yimisebenzi ye-cyclic kunye nokusebenza kokuhamba.Ukwenza ezi zinto zizenzekelayo, kufuneka ukuba ukhangele ngokuzenzekelayo indawo yomsebenzi ngexesha lokuphelisa ukucubungula kunye nokuveliswa., ubungakanani, imilo, ukuma okanye ukusebenza, njl.njl. Kule njongo, inani elikhulu lezixhobo zokulinganisa kunye nokulawula ziyafuneka.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunyuka koshishino lweekhemikhali kunye nepetroleum njengento eluhlaza kufuna inani elikhulu lokulinganisa kunye nezixhobo zokulawula.Izixhobo ezizenzekelayo zaqala ukulungelelaniswa, kwaye inkqubo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo yenziwa ngokufunwa.Ngelo xesha, izixhobo zomshini we-CNC kunye nobuchwepheshe berobhothi nazo zazalwa ngeli xesha, apho iteknoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula kunye nezixhobo zinezicelo ezibalulekileyo.
Ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, izixhobo ziye zaba sisixhobo sobugcisa esiyimfuneko sokulinganisa, ukulawula kunye nokuzenzekelayo, ukuqala kumlinganiselo olula kunye nokuqwalaselwa.Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zemiba eyahlukeneyo, izixhobo ziye zanda ukusuka kwiinkalo zesicelo zemveli ukuya kwiinkalo zezicelo ezingezizo ezemveli ezifana ne-biomedicine, i-ecological environment, kunye ne-bioengineering.
Ukusukela kwinkulungwane yama-21, inani elikhulu leempumelelo zetekhnoloji zamva nje, ezinje ngeziphumo zophando ngoomatshini bokuchaneka kwe-nano-scale, iziphumo zophando lweekhemikhali zale mihla, iziphumo zophando lwebhayoloji yegene-level, kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu kwe-ultra-performance ekhethekileyo yophando lwezixhobo zokusebenza. iziphumo kunye nehlabathi jikelele Iziphumo zokuthandwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetheknoloji yenethiwekhi ziye zaphuma emva komnye, utshintsho olusisiseko kwintsimi ye-instrumentation kunye nokukhuthaza ukufika kwexesha elitsha lezixhobo eziphezulu kunye nezixhobo ezihlakaniphile.
Iinzwa kwiinkqubo zokulinganisa kunye nokulawula
Umlinganiselo jikelele kunye nenkqubo yokulawula iqulethe i-sensors, abaguquli abaphakathi kunye neerekhodi zokubonisa.Inzwa ibona kwaye iguqule ubungakanani bomzimba obulinganisiweyo kubungakanani bomzimba obulinganisiweyo.Umguquli ophakathi uhlalutya, uqhube kwaye uguqule imveliso yenzwa ibe ngumqondiso onokumkelwa ngesixhobo esilandelayo, kwaye uyikhuphe kwezinye iinkqubo, okanye ulinganiswa ngumshicileli wokubonisa.Iziphumo ziyaboniswa kwaye zirekhodwe.
Inzwa likhonkco lokuqala lenkqubo yokulinganisa.Kwinkqubo yokulawula, ukuba ikhomputha ithelekiswa nengqondo, ngoko inzwa ilingana neemvakalelo ezintlanu, ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo.
I-sensor ngokubanzi yenziwe ngezinto ezinobuthathaka, iifayile zokuguqula, kunye neesekethe zokuguqula.Ixabiso elilinganisiweyo livakalelwa ngokuthe ngqo yinto enovakalelo, kwaye utshintsho lwexabiso elithile leparameter ngokwayo lunobudlelwane obucacileyo kunye noshintsho lwexabiso elilinganisiweyo, kwaye le parameter kulula ukulinganisa kunye nemveliso;ke isiphumo sento ebucayi iguqulwa ibe yipharamitha yombane ngento yokuguqula;Ekugqibeleni, isekethe yokuguqula ikhulisa iiparitha zombane eziveliswa yinto yokuguqula kwaye iguqule ibe yimiqondiso yombane eluncedo elungele ukuboniswa, ukurekhoda, ukusetyenzwa kunye nokulawula.
Imeko yangoku kunye noPhuhliso lweeSensors eziNtsha
Itekhnoloji yokubona yenye yezona teknoloji zikhawulezayo ziphuhlayo kwihlabathi namhlanje.I-sensor entsha ayilandeleli kuphela ukuchaneka okuphezulu, uluhlu olukhulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, kodwa iphinda iphuhlise ekudibaniseni, i-miniaturization, i-digitization kunye nobukrelekrele.
1. Ukrelekrele
Ubukrelekrele benzwa bubhekiselele ekudityanisweni kwemisebenzi yeenzwa eziqhelekileyo kunye nemisebenzi yeekhompyuter okanye amanye amacandelo ukwenza indibano ezimeleyo, engenayo kuphela imisebenzi yokuthatha ulwazi kunye nokuguqulwa kwesiginali, kodwa inamandla okucubungula idatha. , uhlalutyo lwembuyekezo kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo.
2. Uthungelwano
Uthungelwano lwenzwa kukwenza ukuba inzwa ibe nomsebenzi wokudibanisa nenethiwekhi yekhompyuter, ukuqonda ukuhanjiswa kolwazi lomgama omde kunye nokukwazi ukusetyenzwa, oko kukuthi, ukuqonda umlinganiselo "ongaphezulu kwe-horizon" yokulinganisa. kunye nenkqubo yolawulo.
3. Miniaturization
Ixabiso le-miniaturization ye-sensor linciphisa kakhulu umthamo wenzwa phantsi kwemeko yokuba umsebenzi awutshintshi okanye uphuculwe.I-Miniaturization iyimfuneko yomlinganiselo ochanekileyo wale mihla kunye nolawulo.Ngokomgaqo, ubungakanani obuncinci benzwa, impembelelo encinci kwinto elinganisiweyo kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla amancinci, kwaye kulula ukufezekisa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo.
4. Ukudityaniswa
Ukudityaniswa kwabenzi boluvo kubhekisa kumanyano lwala macala mabini alandelayo:
(1) Ukudityaniswa kwemilinganiselo emininzi kunokulinganisa iiparitha ezininzi.
(2) Ukudityaniswa kokuva kunye neesekethe ezilandelayo, oko kukuthi, ukudityaniswa kwamacandelo anovakalelo, amacandelo okuguqulwa, iisekethe zokuguqula kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla kwi-chip efanayo, ukwenzela ukuba ibe nokusebenza okuphezulu.
5. Ukufakwa kwedijithali
Ixabiso ledijithali ye-sensor kukuba ulwazi oluphuma kwi-sensor yi-digital quantity, enokuqonda ukuhanjiswa kwexesha elide kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu, kwaye inokudibaniswa nezixhobo zokucubungula idijithali ezifana nekhompyutheni ngaphandle kwamakhonkco aphakathi.
Ukudibanisa, ingqiqo, i-miniaturization, i-networking kunye ne-digitization ye-sensors ayizimele, kodwa iyancedisana kwaye idibene, kwaye akukho mda ocacileyo phakathi kwabo.
IThekhnoloji yoLawulo kwiNkqubo yoMlinganiselo kunye noLawulo
Ithiyori yoLawulo oluSisiseko
1. Ithiyori yolawulo lwamandulo
Ithiyori yolawulo lweClassical ibandakanya iinxalenye ezintathu: ithiyori yolawulo lwelayini, ithiyori yolawulo lwesampulu, kunye nethiyori yolawulo engangqamani.I-Classical cybernetics ithatha iLaplace transform kwaye iZ iguqule njengezixhobo zemathematika, kwaye ithatha igalelo elinye-imveliso enye-linear linear linear system njengeyona nto iphambili yophando.Umahluko wenxaki echaza inkqubo iguqulelwa kwi-complex number domain nguLaplace transform okanye uZ uguqule, kwaye umsebenzi wogqithiselo wenkqubo ufunyenwe.Kwaye ngokusekelwe kumsebenzi wokudlulisa, indlela yophando yomzila kunye nokuphindaphinda, kugxininise ekuhlalutyeni ukuzinza kunye nokuchaneka kwemeko yenkqubo yokulawula impendulo.
2. Ithiyori yoLawulo yanamhlanje
Ithiyori yolawulo lwanamhlanje yithiyori yolawulo esekelwe kwindlela yesithuba sikarhulumente, eyona nxalenye iphambili yethiyori yolawulo oluzenzekelayo.Kwithiyori yolawulo lwanamhlanje, uhlalutyo kunye noyilo lwenkqubo yolawulo luqhutywa ikakhulu ngokuchaza iinguqu zelizwe lenkqubo, kwaye indlela esisiseko yindlela yesizinda sexesha.Ithiyori yokulawula yanamhlanje inokujongana noluhlu olubanzi lweengxaki zolawulo kunethiyori yolawulo lweklasikhi, kubandakanywa neenkqubo zomgca kunye nezingahambelaniyo, iisistim ezimileyo kunye neziguquguqukayo zexesha, iinkqubo eziguqukayo zodwa kunye neenkqubo ezininzi eziguquguqukayo.Iindlela kunye ne-algorithms eyamkelayo nayo ifanelekile ngakumbi kwiikhompyuter zedijithali.Ithiyori yolawulo yanamhlanje ikwanika ithuba lokuyila kunye nokwakha iinkqubo zolawulo ezizezona zinezalathisi zokusebenza ezichaziweyo.
Inkqubo yokulawula
Inkqubo yokulawula iqulunqwe izixhobo zokulawula (kubandakanywa abalawuli, ii-activators kunye ne-sensor) kunye nezinto ezilawulwayo.Isixhobo solawulo sinokuba ngumntu okanye umatshini, umahluko phakathi kolawulo oluzenzekelayo kunye nolawulo lwencwadi.Kwinkqubo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokwemigaqo yolawulo eyahlukeneyo, inokwahlulwa ibe yinkqubo yokulawula i-open-loop kunye nenkqubo yokulawula i-loop evaliweyo;ngokuhlelwa kweempawu ezinikeziweyo, inokwahlulwa ibe yinkqubo yokulawula ixabiso eliqhubekayo, inkqubo yokulawula ukulandelela kunye nenkqubo yokulawula inkqubo.
Itekhnoloji yesixhobo esibonakalayo
Isixhobo sokulinganisa siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula, eyahlulahlulwe ibe ziindidi ezimbini: isixhobo esizimeleyo kunye nesixhobo esibonakalayo.
Isixhobo esizimeleyo siqokelela, siqhuba, kwaye sikhupha umqondiso wesixhobo kwi-chassis ezimeleyo, sinepaneli yokusebenza kunye namachweba ahlukeneyo, kwaye yonke imisebenzi ikhona ngohlobo lwe-hardware okanye i-firmware, emisela ukuba isixhobo esizimeleyo sinokuchazwa kuphela ngu. umenzi., ilayisenisi, umsebenzisi angenako ukuyitshintsha.
Isixhobo esinenyani sigqibezela ukuhlalutya kunye nokusetyenzwa komqondiso, ukuchazwa kunye nesiphumo sesiphumo kwikhompyuter, okanye sifaka ikhadi lokufumana idatha kwikhompyuter, kwaye sisuse amacandelo amathathu esixhobo kwikhompyuter, eqhekeza ngokwemveli. izixhobo.umda.
Iimpawu zobuGcisa bezixhobo ezibonakalayo
1. Imisebenzi enamandla, ukudibanisa inkxaso ye-hardware enamandla yeekhomputha, ukuphula imida yezixhobo zendabuko ekusebenzeni, ukubonisa kunye nokugcinwa.Ubumbeko olusemgangathweni lu: iprosesa ephezulu yokusebenza, umboniso onesoso esiphezulu, umthamo omkhulu wediski enzima.
2. Izixhobo zesoftware yekhompyuter ziyakuqonda ukufakwa kwesoftware kolunye umatshini wehardware, ukonga izixhobo zemathiriyeli, kunye nokuphucula ukuguquguquka kwenkqubo;ngokusebenzisa ii-algorithms zamanani ezihambelanayo, uhlalutyo olwahlukeneyo kunye nokucubungula idatha yovavanyo lunokwenziwa ngokuthe ngqo ngexesha langempela;ngokusebenzisa i-GUI (ujongano lomsebenzisi wegraphic) ujongano lwetekhnoloji ukuphumeza ngenene ujongano olunobuhlobo kunye nonxibelelwano lomntu nekhompyuter.
3. Ukunikezelwa kwebhasi yekhompyutheni kunye nebhasi yesixhobo semodyuli, i-hardware yesixhobo i-modularized kunye ne-serialized, eyanciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani benkqubo kwaye iququzelele ukwakhiwa kwezixhobo zemodyuli.
Ukuqulunqwa kwenkqubo yesixhobo esibonakalayo
Isixhobo esibonakalayo siquka izixhobo zehardware kunye nojongano, isoftware yomqhubi wesixhobo kunye nephaneli yesixhobo esibonakalayo.Phakathi kwazo, izixhobo ze-Hardware kunye nojongano lunokuba ngamakhadi ahlukeneyo asekwe kwi-PC esekwe ngaphakathi, amakhadi ojongano lwebhasi yojongano lwendawo yonke, amazibuko e-serial, ujongano lwesixhobo sebhasi ye-VXI, njl., okanye ezinye izixhobo zovavanyo zangaphandle ezicwangcisiweyo, inkqubo yomqhubi elawula ngokuthe ngqo ujongano lwehardware eyahlukeneyo.Isixhobo esinenyani sinxibelelana nenkqubo yesixhobo sokwenyani ngesoftware yomqhubi wesixhobo, kwaye sibonisa izakhi zokusebenza ezihambelanayo zepaneli yesixhobo sokwenyani kwisikrini sekhompyuter ngohlobo lwepaneli yesixhobo esibonakalayo.Ulawulo olwahlukeneyo.Umsebenzisi usebenzisa indawo yolawulo yesixhobo esinenyani ngemouse njengenyani kwaye eluncedo njengokusebenzisa isixhobo sokwenyani.
Itekhnoloji yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula kunye nesixhobo esikhulu yinto eqhelekileyo kwaye igcwele amathemba ophuhliso.Kuthiwa yeyakwaNtu kuba inemvelaphi yamandulo, inamava eminyaka yophuhliso, kwaye idlale indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso loluntu.Njengenkulu yemveli, ibandakanya iindlela ezininzi zoqeqesho ngexesha elinye, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibesenamandla okuqina.
Ngophuhliso olongezelelweyo lwetekhnoloji yomlinganiselo nolawulo lwale mihla, iteknoloji yolwazi lwe-elektroniki kunye nobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha, ingenise ithuba elitsha lokusungula izinto ezintsha nophuhliso, eliya kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo livelise usetyenziso olubaluleke ngakumbi nangakumbi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-21-2022